Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific
C O N F E R E N C E S
"ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"
Archive of Conference dedicated to the Foundation Day
∘ Ramaz Abesadze ∘ Eter Kakulia ∘ Nana Bibilashvili ∘
Environmental Challenges of 21st Century
Annotation. Into article are examined the global environmental problems that have been unresolved in 21st century. In particular: the problem of the world oceans, destruction and depletion of the gene pool, air pollution, ozone layer disturbances and other problems. Keywords: the coevolution, biosphere, neosphere, climate change, greenhouse gases. Introduction Nowadays the mankind rigidly faces problems on exhaustion of resources and violation of natural processes. These problems have drawn attention of the whole world since the end of 60s and beginning of 70s of the last century and many international actions and events had been held for finding solutions (like international conferences devoted to environmental issues and development, for example, in Stockholm "The zero growth" in 1972 and in Rio de Janeiro "The agenda of the 21st century”, in 1992, the report of international commission for sustainable environment development, in 1987 -
2021-06-30
Environmental Challenges of 21st Century
Annotation. Into article are examined the global environmental problems that have been unresolved in 21st century. In particular: the problem of the world oceans, destruction and depletion of the gene pool, air pollution, ozone layer disturbances and other problems. Keywords: the coevolution, biosphere, neosphere, climate change, greenhouse gases. Introduction Nowadays the mankind rigidly faces problems on exhaustion of resources and violation of natural processes. These problems have drawn attention of the whole world since the end of 60s and beginning of 70s of the last century and many international actions and events had been held for finding solutions (like international conferences devoted to environmental issues and development, for example, in Stockholm "The zero growth" in 1972 and in Rio de Janeiro "The agenda of the 21st century”, in 1992, the report of international commission for sustainable environment development, in 1987 -
2021-06-30
∘ Vladimer Papava ∘ Tamar Tapladze ∘
ON THE PANDEXIT AND THE CRISEXIT
Summary The paper analyzes the problem of the relationship between the end of the COVID-19 pandemic (pandexit) and the end of the economic crisis (crisexit) caused by this pandemic. It has been shown that the crisexit can begin without the onset of the pandexit, although such economic growth may be unstable. Without the pandexit, the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could resume at any time. At the same time, the pandexit does not provide guarantees for the crisexit as an atypical economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can directly escalate into a typical economic crisis. This possibility is predetermined by the fact that under the conditions of an atypical economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the prerequisites are being formed for the start of a typical economic crisis. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination, pandexit, crisexit, typical economic crisis, atypical economic
2021-06-30
ON THE PANDEXIT AND THE CRISEXIT
Summary The paper analyzes the problem of the relationship between the end of the COVID-19 pandemic (pandexit) and the end of the economic crisis (crisexit) caused by this pandemic. It has been shown that the crisexit can begin without the onset of the pandexit, although such economic growth may be unstable. Without the pandexit, the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could resume at any time. At the same time, the pandexit does not provide guarantees for the crisexit as an atypical economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can directly escalate into a typical economic crisis. This possibility is predetermined by the fact that under the conditions of an atypical economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the prerequisites are being formed for the start of a typical economic crisis. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination, pandexit, crisexit, typical economic crisis, atypical economic
2021-06-30
∘ Anzor Abralava ∘ David Podiashvili ∘
STAGES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Summary Environmental liability assessment remains a topical issue for both industrial enterprises and all stakeholders. An environmental liability assessment of an enterprise cannot be carried out independently due to lack of required time and information resources by stakeholders. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop a methodology for assessing the environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises that would be accessible to a wide range of people and would not require significant time expenditure. Keywords: Methodology, Economic Responsibility, Ratio, Reporting, Environmental
2021-06-30
STAGES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Summary Environmental liability assessment remains a topical issue for both industrial enterprises and all stakeholders. An environmental liability assessment of an enterprise cannot be carried out independently due to lack of required time and information resources by stakeholders. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop a methodology for assessing the environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises that would be accessible to a wide range of people and would not require significant time expenditure. Keywords: Methodology, Economic Responsibility, Ratio, Reporting, Environmental
2021-06-30
∘ Alirzayev Emin Ali ∘
The problem of financial sustainability in the development of the pension system of Azerbaijan: the essence within the system and as the important direction of reforms
Annotation: The article gives a brief overview of the problem of financial sustainability of the pension system which is an important direction for the development of modern pension systems in the prism of the pension system of Azerbaijan. The article discusses the place of financial sustainability as a problem in the development of a modern insurance and pension system in Azerbaijan and the main steps taken to ensure it, their decisive features and the results achieved. At the same time, the author assesses the main problems related to the financial sustainability of the insurance-pension system of Azerbaijan, as well as the areas that need to be taken into account in the further reforms to regulate the pension system in terms of financial sustainability. Keywords: financial sustainability problem, financial sustainability of pension system, insurance-pension system, mandatory state social insurance contributions, mandatory state social insurance contributions fund,
2021-06-30
The problem of financial sustainability in the development of the pension system of Azerbaijan: the essence within the system and as the important direction of reforms
Annotation: The article gives a brief overview of the problem of financial sustainability of the pension system which is an important direction for the development of modern pension systems in the prism of the pension system of Azerbaijan. The article discusses the place of financial sustainability as a problem in the development of a modern insurance and pension system in Azerbaijan and the main steps taken to ensure it, their decisive features and the results achieved. At the same time, the author assesses the main problems related to the financial sustainability of the insurance-pension system of Azerbaijan, as well as the areas that need to be taken into account in the further reforms to regulate the pension system in terms of financial sustainability. Keywords: financial sustainability problem, financial sustainability of pension system, insurance-pension system, mandatory state social insurance contributions, mandatory state social insurance contributions fund,
2021-06-30
∘ Davit Aslanishvili ∘ David Shakarashvili ∘
COVID-19 ERA AND ITS WORLDWIDE IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRIME
Summary The global coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), which began in 2020, has dramatically changed the way world society behaves and attitudes towards life. Both existential and human, as well as business relations have undergone a cardinal change. In this regard, many researches and observations are carried out in scientific circles and literature, both in international and local Georgian reality. However, the subject of our research is new to the Georgian reality, because we tried to gather and analyze the financial irregularities / crimes that occurred in different countries of the world (just before and recent) during the pandemic period, so that the Georgian financial market is better prepared for the post-pandemic world. We analyzed the impact of the pandemic on financial relations, society, and financial crime in the world, what new challenges financial-economic relations face, and what lies ahead in the post-pandemic period. In this regard, the study includes
2021-06-30
COVID-19 ERA AND ITS WORLDWIDE IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRIME
Summary The global coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), which began in 2020, has dramatically changed the way world society behaves and attitudes towards life. Both existential and human, as well as business relations have undergone a cardinal change. In this regard, many researches and observations are carried out in scientific circles and literature, both in international and local Georgian reality. However, the subject of our research is new to the Georgian reality, because we tried to gather and analyze the financial irregularities / crimes that occurred in different countries of the world (just before and recent) during the pandemic period, so that the Georgian financial market is better prepared for the post-pandemic world. We analyzed the impact of the pandemic on financial relations, society, and financial crime in the world, what new challenges financial-economic relations face, and what lies ahead in the post-pandemic period. In this regard, the study includes
2021-06-30
∘ Givi Bedianashvili ∘
PUBLIC SECTOR IN CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Summary. The paper outlines the socio-economic challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic and ways to overcome it in the world and in Georgia. The growing role of the public sector and the importance of its separate functions such as ensuring macroeconomic stability, supporting the population and businesses, and stimulating the effective operation of the health care system are discussed. It is noted that the pandemic has made relevant the formation and implementation of policies aimed at challenging the public sector and solving relevant problems. This policy, with the involvement of relevant institutional actors, should contribute to the long-term sustainability of the society. Keywords: Socio-Economic Challenges of Pandemic Covid-19, Public Sector Functions, Long-Term Sustainability
2021-06-30
PUBLIC SECTOR IN CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Summary. The paper outlines the socio-economic challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic and ways to overcome it in the world and in Georgia. The growing role of the public sector and the importance of its separate functions such as ensuring macroeconomic stability, supporting the population and businesses, and stimulating the effective operation of the health care system are discussed. It is noted that the pandemic has made relevant the formation and implementation of policies aimed at challenging the public sector and solving relevant problems. This policy, with the involvement of relevant institutional actors, should contribute to the long-term sustainability of the society. Keywords: Socio-Economic Challenges of Pandemic Covid-19, Public Sector Functions, Long-Term Sustainability
2021-06-30
∘ George Berulava ∘
Coping with COVID-19 Crisis in Selected Municipalities in Georgia[1]
Annotation. The study explores theimpact of the COVID-19 crisis on the business activity in the selected municipalities in Georgia. The results of the study show that most of the enterprises in the sample have been severely affected by the crisis. Based on the findings of the study and international experience, a set of policy recommendations that aims to help businesses in selected municipalities to cope with the crisis has been formulated. The outbreak of COVID-19 disease along with its impact on public health has caused a severe economic shock for global as well as for Georgian economy. In this context a special interest represents understanding of the consequences of this crisis for Georgian businesses. Specifically, how resilient are local business and how do they adjust to the economic disturbances caused by the crisis? What factors determine the resilience of company to the crisis? Which businesses are disadvantageous, and which of them have got advantage as result of
2021-06-30
Coping with COVID-19 Crisis in Selected Municipalities in Georgia[1]
Annotation. The study explores theimpact of the COVID-19 crisis on the business activity in the selected municipalities in Georgia. The results of the study show that most of the enterprises in the sample have been severely affected by the crisis. Based on the findings of the study and international experience, a set of policy recommendations that aims to help businesses in selected municipalities to cope with the crisis has been formulated. The outbreak of COVID-19 disease along with its impact on public health has caused a severe economic shock for global as well as for Georgian economy. In this context a special interest represents understanding of the consequences of this crisis for Georgian businesses. Specifically, how resilient are local business and how do they adjust to the economic disturbances caused by the crisis? What factors determine the resilience of company to the crisis? Which businesses are disadvantageous, and which of them have got advantage as result of
2021-06-30
∘ Vakhtang Burduli ∘
SECTORAL PROBLEMS IN DISSEMINATION OF INNOVATION
Expanded Summary In the work, the sectoral (sectoral and subsector) problems of the diffusion of innovations are systematically examined, and they are systematized in the context of innovations that are disseminated only within certain specific sectors (sectors, and in industry and subsectors) of the economy, and innovations that are disseminated in all sectors under the auspices of green economy (about 40% of all innovations spread in the world), information and communication technologies (or, in a broader sense, digital economy) - about 40% of all innovations spread in the world, production technologies and the use of composite materials and products made from them. As you know, economic sectors (sectors in terms of types of activity or in terms of types of products or services produced in them) develop on the basis of diffusion (spread) in them of innovations (basic, improving, pseudo-innovations). Moreover, not only physical technologies are being updated, but also social and
2021-06-30
SECTORAL PROBLEMS IN DISSEMINATION OF INNOVATION
Expanded Summary In the work, the sectoral (sectoral and subsector) problems of the diffusion of innovations are systematically examined, and they are systematized in the context of innovations that are disseminated only within certain specific sectors (sectors, and in industry and subsectors) of the economy, and innovations that are disseminated in all sectors under the auspices of green economy (about 40% of all innovations spread in the world), information and communication technologies (or, in a broader sense, digital economy) - about 40% of all innovations spread in the world, production technologies and the use of composite materials and products made from them. As you know, economic sectors (sectors in terms of types of activity or in terms of types of products or services produced in them) develop on the basis of diffusion (spread) in them of innovations (basic, improving, pseudo-innovations). Moreover, not only physical technologies are being updated, but also social and
2021-06-30
∘ Nataliya Gruschinskaya ∘
ECONOMIC TRENDS OF MODERN WORLD
Summary The main factors of influence on the modern world process are traditionally determined within the framework of technoglobalization, the rapid change of technological structures, an increase in the gap between the countries of the world and an increase in the economic, social, cultural gap between the population within the countries. External and internal factors are the shapers of external economic processes in each country. And external ones, every year, even month, acquire special significance. Unforeseen circumstances (remember Nasim Taleb with his "Black Swan") make special adjustments to the geopolitical and geo-economic world processes. External circumstances of an evolutionary nature (associated with the development of society, technological processes, integration, etc.) and radical (circumstances caused by wars, natural disasters, form-major circumstances). The COVID-19 virus “successfully” showed change and vulnerability in most countries of the
2021-06-30
ECONOMIC TRENDS OF MODERN WORLD
Summary The main factors of influence on the modern world process are traditionally determined within the framework of technoglobalization, the rapid change of technological structures, an increase in the gap between the countries of the world and an increase in the economic, social, cultural gap between the population within the countries. External and internal factors are the shapers of external economic processes in each country. And external ones, every year, even month, acquire special significance. Unforeseen circumstances (remember Nasim Taleb with his "Black Swan") make special adjustments to the geopolitical and geo-economic world processes. External circumstances of an evolutionary nature (associated with the development of society, technological processes, integration, etc.) and radical (circumstances caused by wars, natural disasters, form-major circumstances). The COVID-19 virus “successfully” showed change and vulnerability in most countries of the
2021-06-30
∘ Aleksey Mikhalchenko ∘
MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP UNDER MODERN TRANSFORMATIONCONDITIONS
Summary The development of effective institutions of power in Ukraine is impossible without fundamental changes in the political and administrative system. Global risks that threaten the world have created new challenges in the field of public policy. Key actors faced threats in the economy, geopolitics, environmental protection, social risks, technological disasters. According to world experts, there are more than thirty areas that can destabilize social and economic life in most countries of the world. The authorities, especially in a crisis, face the following urgent questions and challenges: reducing the budget deficit and structural debts; maintaining political control over the economy, despite the processes of globalization; meeting the growing funding requirements of the national bureaucracy and public administrations; an effective response to the growing competition between public communities at both local, regional, state and interstate levels; management of conflicts
2021-06-30
MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP UNDER MODERN TRANSFORMATIONCONDITIONS
Summary The development of effective institutions of power in Ukraine is impossible without fundamental changes in the political and administrative system. Global risks that threaten the world have created new challenges in the field of public policy. Key actors faced threats in the economy, geopolitics, environmental protection, social risks, technological disasters. According to world experts, there are more than thirty areas that can destabilize social and economic life in most countries of the world. The authorities, especially in a crisis, face the following urgent questions and challenges: reducing the budget deficit and structural debts; maintaining political control over the economy, despite the processes of globalization; meeting the growing funding requirements of the national bureaucracy and public administrations; an effective response to the growing competition between public communities at both local, regional, state and interstate levels; management of conflicts
2021-06-30
∘ Solomon Pavliashvili ∘ David Gubeladze ∘
OPTIMIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES, RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE WASTE AND A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Summary Utilization of natural resources requires significant costs and its optimal use determines the economic side of agricultural activities. Economically efficient management of existing natural resources is important for the country, especially the processing and disposal of agricultural waste. From an ecological point of view, it is also important for economic activity to define the issue of waste responsibility, the transition from a linear economy to a circular economic development, and the application of new economic management
2021-06-30
OPTIMIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES, RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE WASTE AND A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Summary Utilization of natural resources requires significant costs and its optimal use determines the economic side of agricultural activities. Economically efficient management of existing natural resources is important for the country, especially the processing and disposal of agricultural waste. From an ecological point of view, it is also important for economic activity to define the issue of waste responsibility, the transition from a linear economy to a circular economic development, and the application of new economic management
2021-06-30
∘ Nugzar Paichadze ∘
MANAGEMENT OF TALENTED PERSONS AS A SIGNIFICANT SUCCESS FACTOR
Summary In the article are reviewed such issues in connection with management of talented persons as: the role and importance of highly qualified and capable people, that is, talented or gifted people at the current stage of economic development in increasing production efficiency, the conditionality of need for management of talented people, formation and principles of management of talented people and a management strategy. Special attention is paid to the consideration of such issues in connection with management of talented people as: search for highly qualified personnel, their attraction, selection, training, development, preservation and promotion. And finally, several offers are proposed, which, by the author’s opinion, will contribute to the training of highly qualified personnel and increase their
2021-06-30
MANAGEMENT OF TALENTED PERSONS AS A SIGNIFICANT SUCCESS FACTOR
Summary In the article are reviewed such issues in connection with management of talented persons as: the role and importance of highly qualified and capable people, that is, talented or gifted people at the current stage of economic development in increasing production efficiency, the conditionality of need for management of talented people, formation and principles of management of talented people and a management strategy. Special attention is paid to the consideration of such issues in connection with management of talented people as: search for highly qualified personnel, their attraction, selection, training, development, preservation and promotion. And finally, several offers are proposed, which, by the author’s opinion, will contribute to the training of highly qualified personnel and increase their
2021-06-30
∘ Larysa Syvolap ∘
CURRENT STATE OF THE ORGANIC PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE
Annotation. The article presents some terminological differences in the designation of environmentally friendly products (equivalents - organic, biological). An interpretation of the essence of the concept of "organic production" in accordance with current Ukrainian legislation is presented. The main stages of development of the market of organic products are revealed. The advantages of organic production are described. With the help of statistical analysis the world and domestic tendencies of development of the market of organic products are defined. Strategic directions and measures for further positive development of the market of organic products are presented. Keywords: market, organic products, production, agriculture, consumers, strategic vector. Topicality. One of the problems of ecological nature both for Ukraine and for many countries of the world is anthropogenic load, which has a negative impact on the
2021-06-30
CURRENT STATE OF THE ORGANIC PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE
Annotation. The article presents some terminological differences in the designation of environmentally friendly products (equivalents - organic, biological). An interpretation of the essence of the concept of "organic production" in accordance with current Ukrainian legislation is presented. The main stages of development of the market of organic products are revealed. The advantages of organic production are described. With the help of statistical analysis the world and domestic tendencies of development of the market of organic products are defined. Strategic directions and measures for further positive development of the market of organic products are presented. Keywords: market, organic products, production, agriculture, consumers, strategic vector. Topicality. One of the problems of ecological nature both for Ukraine and for many countries of the world is anthropogenic load, which has a negative impact on the
2021-06-30
∘ Natalia Solidor ∘
INNOVATIVE WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN ENERGY IN UKRAINE
Summary The article presents the results of diagnostics of the energy balance of Ukraine for 2015-2019, the results of the analysis of the Ukrainian experience of obtaining energy from renewable sources. It was determined that Ukraine has a powerful potential of renewable energy sources, and the development of innovative technologies in the energy sector opens up broad opportunities for the development of domestic green business. The defining advantages of renewable energy sources in the face of depletion of fossil fuel resources and growing rates of environmental pollution are the availability of their inexhaustible resource base and environmental friendliness. However, the focus on a coal-nuclear strategy, large hydropower, a lack of understanding of the importance of introducing innovations and solving environmental problems hinders the development of the alternative energy sector. To accelerate the development of alternative energy, it is necessary to actively attract
2021-06-30
INNOVATIVE WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN ENERGY IN UKRAINE
Summary The article presents the results of diagnostics of the energy balance of Ukraine for 2015-2019, the results of the analysis of the Ukrainian experience of obtaining energy from renewable sources. It was determined that Ukraine has a powerful potential of renewable energy sources, and the development of innovative technologies in the energy sector opens up broad opportunities for the development of domestic green business. The defining advantages of renewable energy sources in the face of depletion of fossil fuel resources and growing rates of environmental pollution are the availability of their inexhaustible resource base and environmental friendliness. However, the focus on a coal-nuclear strategy, large hydropower, a lack of understanding of the importance of introducing innovations and solving environmental problems hinders the development of the alternative energy sector. To accelerate the development of alternative energy, it is necessary to actively attract
2021-06-30
∘ Alevtina Starshinova ∘ Olga Borodkina ∘
THE PRACTICE OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM IN RUSSIA[1]
Summary The process of privatization in the social service system in Russia is accompanied by increasing the actors providing social services for citizens, as well as increasing the number recipients of social services, and complicating the sources of financing for social assistance. These processes have actualized the problem of transforming social sector management based on digital services. The national project "Digital Economy" adopted by the Russian government in 2019 includes the federal project "Digital Public Administration", which also provides for the digital transformation of state (municipal) services and services. To this aim, a new format of public services is being developed - 25 super services, covering the main issues of interaction between citizens and the state, including the calculation of pensions, registration of social benefits, and the provision of social services. The introduction of modern digital services is aimed at creating an accessible
2021-06-30
THE PRACTICE OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM IN RUSSIA[1]
Summary The process of privatization in the social service system in Russia is accompanied by increasing the actors providing social services for citizens, as well as increasing the number recipients of social services, and complicating the sources of financing for social assistance. These processes have actualized the problem of transforming social sector management based on digital services. The national project "Digital Economy" adopted by the Russian government in 2019 includes the federal project "Digital Public Administration", which also provides for the digital transformation of state (municipal) services and services. To this aim, a new format of public services is being developed - 25 super services, covering the main issues of interaction between citizens and the state, including the calculation of pensions, registration of social benefits, and the provision of social services. The introduction of modern digital services is aimed at creating an accessible
2021-06-30
∘ Avtandil Sulaberidze ∘ Nino Gomelauri ∘ Vladimer Sulaberidze ∘ Joseph Archvadze ∘
Coronasociological and coronaeconomic results of the start of the pandemic in Georgia
“We must urgently revise our views about the world” Albert Camus, “The Plague”. Abstract. At any stage of societal life a certain occurrence exerts a significant, in some cases essential, existential influence on the development of a society and determines the correction of humans’ behavior. After the World Health Organization recognized a new epidemic of coronavirus (COVID-19) as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020, the world population once again faced the necessity of fighting against the pandemic. Its global character reduced the pace of societal progress and brought about regress. Consequently, it became a crucial part of the agenda to study at length societal losses caused by the pandemic and formulate preventive measures. It is necessary not only to study the nature of the previous and current pandemics but also to analyze possible scenarios and trends of the post-pandemic world. This calls forth the inevitability of creating an
2021-06-30
Coronasociological and coronaeconomic results of the start of the pandemic in Georgia
“We must urgently revise our views about the world” Albert Camus, “The Plague”. Abstract. At any stage of societal life a certain occurrence exerts a significant, in some cases essential, existential influence on the development of a society and determines the correction of humans’ behavior. After the World Health Organization recognized a new epidemic of coronavirus (COVID-19) as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020, the world population once again faced the necessity of fighting against the pandemic. Its global character reduced the pace of societal progress and brought about regress. Consequently, it became a crucial part of the agenda to study at length societal losses caused by the pandemic and formulate preventive measures. It is necessary not only to study the nature of the previous and current pandemics but also to analyze possible scenarios and trends of the post-pandemic world. This calls forth the inevitability of creating an
2021-06-30
∘ Teimuraz Shengelia ∘
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID PANDEMIC CRISIS
Summary The coronavirus pandemic has affected business development in Georgia. In the spring of 2020, the country restricted: cargo transportation, municipal transport, property rights, the right to operate business, which led to significant changes in the business sector. Its turnover has decreased significantly, the number of products produced is also characterized by a sharp regression, the decline in demand is the most pronounced side effect caused by COVID-19, which has significantly affected the hotel and restaurant business. Late payments from customers and changes in consumer behavior have exacerbated the liquidity problem of companies, causing them to face serious problems in meeting existing obligations. Businesses that were unable to switch to an online format for goods and services were in danger of bankruptcy. Anti-crisis measures taken by the government of Georgia, despite their significance, required a more serious and in-depth
2021-06-30
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID PANDEMIC CRISIS
Summary The coronavirus pandemic has affected business development in Georgia. In the spring of 2020, the country restricted: cargo transportation, municipal transport, property rights, the right to operate business, which led to significant changes in the business sector. Its turnover has decreased significantly, the number of products produced is also characterized by a sharp regression, the decline in demand is the most pronounced side effect caused by COVID-19, which has significantly affected the hotel and restaurant business. Late payments from customers and changes in consumer behavior have exacerbated the liquidity problem of companies, causing them to face serious problems in meeting existing obligations. Businesses that were unable to switch to an online format for goods and services were in danger of bankruptcy. Anti-crisis measures taken by the government of Georgia, despite their significance, required a more serious and in-depth
2021-06-30
∘ Anna Chechel ∘ Maryna Zelinska ∘ Kateryna Zmytrovych ∘
THE WAYS OF HR MANAGEMENT DURING THE CRISIS PHENOMENA IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SPHERESIN THE WORLD AND UKRAINE
Annotation. The article investigates the main modern trends in personnel management systems development. It analyses the foreign experience of using the latest management practices and their application in Ukraine. The interrelation between HR trends, their dependence on a social and economic situation, and their influence on the enterprises have been determined. The authors identify the global trends seen as the most promising for implementation at Ukrainian enterprises to improve their performance. Key words: personnel management, trends, technology, human resources, development. Due to various objective and subjective reasons, such as economic development, globalisation, culture, competition, instability, etc., there is no unified approach to human resources management in global management practice. At the same time, the current society tendencies determine the emergence of specific trends in this sphere. These trends can be both positive and negative and can have different
2021-06-30
THE WAYS OF HR MANAGEMENT DURING THE CRISIS PHENOMENA IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SPHERESIN THE WORLD AND UKRAINE
Annotation. The article investigates the main modern trends in personnel management systems development. It analyses the foreign experience of using the latest management practices and their application in Ukraine. The interrelation between HR trends, their dependence on a social and economic situation, and their influence on the enterprises have been determined. The authors identify the global trends seen as the most promising for implementation at Ukrainian enterprises to improve their performance. Key words: personnel management, trends, technology, human resources, development. Due to various objective and subjective reasons, such as economic development, globalisation, culture, competition, instability, etc., there is no unified approach to human resources management in global management practice. At the same time, the current society tendencies determine the emergence of specific trends in this sphere. These trends can be both positive and negative and can have different
2021-06-30
∘ Revaz Javakhishvili ∘
Foreign direct investment trends in Georgia at the current stage of globalization and pandemic
Summary Foreign direct investment plays an immeasurably large role in reforming and reviving the economies of both developed and developing countries. The paper analyzes the main trends in the dynamics of foreign direct investment in Georgia at the current stage of globalization and the indicators of its use in sectoral and regional contexts. It focuses on the development and practical application of both global and local pandemic-induced mechanisms. The paper emphasizes that we must properly understand and learn to coexist and coexist with any virus not only in terms of its prevention, containment and eventual defeat, but also in terms of managing and overcoming the economic crises and shocks caused by
2021-06-30
Foreign direct investment trends in Georgia at the current stage of globalization and pandemic
Summary Foreign direct investment plays an immeasurably large role in reforming and reviving the economies of both developed and developing countries. The paper analyzes the main trends in the dynamics of foreign direct investment in Georgia at the current stage of globalization and the indicators of its use in sectoral and regional contexts. It focuses on the development and practical application of both global and local pandemic-induced mechanisms. The paper emphasizes that we must properly understand and learn to coexist and coexist with any virus not only in terms of its prevention, containment and eventual defeat, but also in terms of managing and overcoming the economic crises and shocks caused by
2021-06-30
∘ Ana Abesadze ∘
DOMESTIC TOURISM DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN GEORGIA AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Summary The year 2020 has presented the whole world with the most difficult challenges. Until recently, no one could have imagined that this would change the way of life and rhythm of the world. The pandemic has significantly changed the economic development parameters of the countries as well. According to the data platform statista.com, the tourism sector is one of the sectors most affected by COVID-19 in terms of both demand and supply. Tourism, which is in an active phase of development, has moved to the stage of uncertainty and all related activities have actually reached the stage of dormancy. Therefore, the basic statistical characteristics of tourism have changed significantly in more or less all tourist countries, including Georgia. After the first wave of the virus spread, international tourism was almost paralyzed, while domestic tourism began to revive and its statistical characteristics increased considerably in the third quarter. But in the fall, the increase in
2021-06-30
DOMESTIC TOURISM DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN GEORGIA AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Summary The year 2020 has presented the whole world with the most difficult challenges. Until recently, no one could have imagined that this would change the way of life and rhythm of the world. The pandemic has significantly changed the economic development parameters of the countries as well. According to the data platform statista.com, the tourism sector is one of the sectors most affected by COVID-19 in terms of both demand and supply. Tourism, which is in an active phase of development, has moved to the stage of uncertainty and all related activities have actually reached the stage of dormancy. Therefore, the basic statistical characteristics of tourism have changed significantly in more or less all tourist countries, including Georgia. After the first wave of the virus spread, international tourism was almost paralyzed, while domestic tourism began to revive and its statistical characteristics increased considerably in the third quarter. But in the fall, the increase in
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Abesadze ∘
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL TOURISM IN GEORGIA DURING THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Summary The tourism sector is still in a state of shock caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has taken tourism, which is in an active phase of development, into a state of uncertainty and all related activities into a dormant stage. The epidemiological situation is still difficult and the world is waiting for the third wave of the virus. Because of this, tourism trends and key statistical characteristics have changed significantly around the world. After a year of fighting the pandemic, positive expectations seemed to have emerged. Regulations introduced for the pandemic period were phased out and, subject to compliance with the rules and regulations necessary for the post-pandemic period, both international and domestic tourism went into a state of anticipation of positive changes from February 2021. But in April 2021, when the country was facing the third wave of the virus spread, tourism again fell into an unpredictable, economically indefinite framework. Because Georgia
2021-06-30
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL TOURISM IN GEORGIA DURING THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Summary The tourism sector is still in a state of shock caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has taken tourism, which is in an active phase of development, into a state of uncertainty and all related activities into a dormant stage. The epidemiological situation is still difficult and the world is waiting for the third wave of the virus. Because of this, tourism trends and key statistical characteristics have changed significantly around the world. After a year of fighting the pandemic, positive expectations seemed to have emerged. Regulations introduced for the pandemic period were phased out and, subject to compliance with the rules and regulations necessary for the post-pandemic period, both international and domestic tourism went into a state of anticipation of positive changes from February 2021. But in April 2021, when the country was facing the third wave of the virus spread, tourism again fell into an unpredictable, economically indefinite framework. Because Georgia
2021-06-30
∘ Grigol Abralava ∘
THEORETICAL BASIS OF FORMULATING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL COUNTY FARMING
Summary The article discusses the theoretical views that led to the independent theory of social market economy, those schoolars opinions that formed the theory and brought the provisions into the system; the views of the specialists who developed this theory. It is shown the contradictions arising from the application of theoretical positions in modern conditions and the author's views on the nature of these
2021-06-30
THEORETICAL BASIS OF FORMULATING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL COUNTY FARMING
Summary The article discusses the theoretical views that led to the independent theory of social market economy, those schoolars opinions that formed the theory and brought the provisions into the system; the views of the specialists who developed this theory. It is shown the contradictions arising from the application of theoretical positions in modern conditions and the author's views on the nature of these
2021-06-30
∘ Ana Anushidze ∘
THE ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Summary First of all, I must emphasize that this article is the result of my working process on Ph.D. The purpose of this article is to identify special aspects in the sphere of the economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As for our goal, the article raises two key questions: · What are the features of the economic policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan? · What aspects affect the economic stability of the Republic of Azerbaijan? Keywords: economic policy, economic diversification, energy
2021-06-30
THE ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Summary First of all, I must emphasize that this article is the result of my working process on Ph.D. The purpose of this article is to identify special aspects in the sphere of the economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As for our goal, the article raises two key questions: · What are the features of the economic policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan? · What aspects affect the economic stability of the Republic of Azerbaijan? Keywords: economic policy, economic diversification, energy
2021-06-30
∘ Nunu Achuashvili ∘ Sese Khatiashvili ∘
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR A DIGNIFIED LIFE
Summary Business generates additional material wealth through economic activities. Developed world statistics show that the driving force of the economy is small and medium-sized businesses. In order to overcome economic backwardness, poverty and unemployment in our country, the government of our country must create all the conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses,cooperation with international donor organizations and financial institutions and public involvement are very
2021-06-30
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR A DIGNIFIED LIFE
Summary Business generates additional material wealth through economic activities. Developed world statistics show that the driving force of the economy is small and medium-sized businesses. In order to overcome economic backwardness, poverty and unemployment in our country, the government of our country must create all the conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses,cooperation with international donor organizations and financial institutions and public involvement are very
2021-06-30
∘ Khatuna Berishvili ∘
THE IMPACT OF COVID 19 ON DYNAMICS OF CHANGE OF GEORGIA’S INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT
Summary In recent years, foreign direct investments have been characterized by unstable dynamics in georgia. In 2017 FDI reached a record level, although in subsequent years it is has been characterized by decline. The coronavirus pandemic inflicted great economic damage to the world and, consequently, to Georgia. According to predictions of International organizations, the damage that was inflicted to the world economy by the spread of Covid-19, will also have a severe negative impact on foreign direct investment. The pandemic is widening competition in the international market of investments. The role of the government is growing in terms of attracting limited foreign investment resources to the country. The inflow of investments in Georgia is influenced by a stable political situation, protection of private property, fair trial, favorable tax regulations, cheap and skilled labor, stable macroeconomic environment, economic openness of the country, strategic location, low
2021-06-30
THE IMPACT OF COVID 19 ON DYNAMICS OF CHANGE OF GEORGIA’S INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT
Summary In recent years, foreign direct investments have been characterized by unstable dynamics in georgia. In 2017 FDI reached a record level, although in subsequent years it is has been characterized by decline. The coronavirus pandemic inflicted great economic damage to the world and, consequently, to Georgia. According to predictions of International organizations, the damage that was inflicted to the world economy by the spread of Covid-19, will also have a severe negative impact on foreign direct investment. The pandemic is widening competition in the international market of investments. The role of the government is growing in terms of attracting limited foreign investment resources to the country. The inflow of investments in Georgia is influenced by a stable political situation, protection of private property, fair trial, favorable tax regulations, cheap and skilled labor, stable macroeconomic environment, economic openness of the country, strategic location, low
2021-06-30
∘ Sophio Beridze ∘
THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL DEBT AND THE DANGERS OF THE DEBT CRISIS
Summary The state debt plays an important role in macro-economic system of any country. Debt formation, service and coverage makes important impact at state finance situation, cash flow, investment climate, the origin of international cooperation and further development between states. In today’s reality special attention is paid to influence of increasing foreign debt. If it is not sustainable it can jeopardize economic well-being of the country, its services can cause over-indebtedness and subsequent negative consequences. The economic crisis which is caused because of recent pandemic made important influence at savings. Almost every country of the world had to increase the debt and decrease the reserves. According to researches one third part of developing market economy has limited fiscal space or does not have it at all to deal with the crisis which importantly reduces the prospects for recovery of global demand in the coming years. Therefore, it is expected that the
2021-06-30
THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL DEBT AND THE DANGERS OF THE DEBT CRISIS
Summary The state debt plays an important role in macro-economic system of any country. Debt formation, service and coverage makes important impact at state finance situation, cash flow, investment climate, the origin of international cooperation and further development between states. In today’s reality special attention is paid to influence of increasing foreign debt. If it is not sustainable it can jeopardize economic well-being of the country, its services can cause over-indebtedness and subsequent negative consequences. The economic crisis which is caused because of recent pandemic made important influence at savings. Almost every country of the world had to increase the debt and decrease the reserves. According to researches one third part of developing market economy has limited fiscal space or does not have it at all to deal with the crisis which importantly reduces the prospects for recovery of global demand in the coming years. Therefore, it is expected that the
2021-06-30
∘ Salome Bestaeva ∘
THE IMPACT OF DOMESTIC TOURISM ON THE ECONOMY IN THE PANDEMIC REALITY
Annotation. In 2020, the world faced a new challenge. The coronavirus, which in a few days turned into a pandemic, completely changed human consciousness and lifestyle. The pandemic also affected the tourism sector, which led to some changes. In the conditions of the pandemic, the borders in Georgia were closed, as a result of which Georgian citizens were restricted from traveling abroad. The closure of the borders prompted the development of domestic tourism in Georgia. Most popular became Ecotourism trips to the mountainous regions. The article examines the features of the growth of tourist flows on the example of Tusheti as a result of restrictions during a pandemic. After the spread of the Covid-19, domestic tourism has become the most interesting and developing direction of tourism. Almost all the states tried to solve the economic and social problems caused by the closed borders at the expense of domestic tourism. The role of domestic tourism in the economy is great. It is
2021-06-30
THE IMPACT OF DOMESTIC TOURISM ON THE ECONOMY IN THE PANDEMIC REALITY
Annotation. In 2020, the world faced a new challenge. The coronavirus, which in a few days turned into a pandemic, completely changed human consciousness and lifestyle. The pandemic also affected the tourism sector, which led to some changes. In the conditions of the pandemic, the borders in Georgia were closed, as a result of which Georgian citizens were restricted from traveling abroad. The closure of the borders prompted the development of domestic tourism in Georgia. Most popular became Ecotourism trips to the mountainous regions. The article examines the features of the growth of tourist flows on the example of Tusheti as a result of restrictions during a pandemic. After the spread of the Covid-19, domestic tourism has become the most interesting and developing direction of tourism. Almost all the states tried to solve the economic and social problems caused by the closed borders at the expense of domestic tourism. The role of domestic tourism in the economy is great. It is
2021-06-30
∘ Lia Bibilashvili ∘
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
Summary The article discusses the need for hydropower development in Georgia and its accompanying environmental problems. The interests of the society and the ecological issues of the development of the energy complex are closely interrelated. The public is interested in how and in what ways their energy supply will be provided. Georgia meets only 34.5% of its energy needs. Hydropower is the leading factor in the formation of energy production of its own production. Environmental problems are especially acute when using hydropower
2021-06-30
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
Summary The article discusses the need for hydropower development in Georgia and its accompanying environmental problems. The interests of the society and the ecological issues of the development of the energy complex are closely interrelated. The public is interested in how and in what ways their energy supply will be provided. Georgia meets only 34.5% of its energy needs. Hydropower is the leading factor in the formation of energy production of its own production. Environmental problems are especially acute when using hydropower
2021-06-30
∘ George Bregvadze ∘
RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE PRICE INDEX ANDFLAT SALES 2020-2021
Summary The paper discusses pandemic real estate price index data for 2021 in Tbilisi and Georgia and analyzes apartment sales for
2021-06-30
RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE PRICE INDEX ANDFLAT SALES 2020-2021
Summary The paper discusses pandemic real estate price index data for 2021 in Tbilisi and Georgia and analyzes apartment sales for
2021-06-30
∘ Madona Gelashvili ∘
COVID-19, AS AN EXISTING GLOBAL DANGER
summary Covid-19 (corona virus) has turned to be a rather complicated challenge and serious danger not only for the world health care system, but for the global economics as well. A virus originated in Wuhan in November-December of 2019, just in some months, transformed into the pandemics with a focal negative impact on the world economics which is irreversible. Definitely, it is very difficult to make a forecast on the economic impacts caused by the pandemic process and epidemic states existing in different countries from the viewpoint of the global economics. In connection with the issue being under consideration, too many works have already been published; they were analyzing the negative impact caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemics on the global economics. On top of all, it seems to be a very complicated challenge and serious danger not only for the world health care system, but for the global economics as well. After the initial shock, researchers started analyzing of
2021-06-30
COVID-19, AS AN EXISTING GLOBAL DANGER
summary Covid-19 (corona virus) has turned to be a rather complicated challenge and serious danger not only for the world health care system, but for the global economics as well. A virus originated in Wuhan in November-December of 2019, just in some months, transformed into the pandemics with a focal negative impact on the world economics which is irreversible. Definitely, it is very difficult to make a forecast on the economic impacts caused by the pandemic process and epidemic states existing in different countries from the viewpoint of the global economics. In connection with the issue being under consideration, too many works have already been published; they were analyzing the negative impact caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemics on the global economics. On top of all, it seems to be a very complicated challenge and serious danger not only for the world health care system, but for the global economics as well. After the initial shock, researchers started analyzing of
2021-06-30
∘ Ana Gvaramadze ∘
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON CONSUMERS WHEN PURCHASING A TRAVEL PRODUCT
summary Computer-mediated technologies allow individuals, companies, NGOs, governments, and other organizations to view, create, and share information, ideas, career interests in virtual communities and networks. For the tourism industry it is essential to create interesting content on social media at all stages of the journey. Social networking is one of the fastest growing sectors. The aim of the paper was to highlight the role of social media in the tourism industry, to reveal how social networks affect tourism, and how tourists benefit from using social networks while traveling. The research should have revealed which search engine Georgian tourists use to get information throughout their travel and whether they usually use social media platforms to buy a tourism product. With using qualitative and quantitative (population-based) methods, the results of the study showed that travelers in Georgia actively use social media for ideas and inspiration, at the same time to
2021-06-30
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON CONSUMERS WHEN PURCHASING A TRAVEL PRODUCT
summary Computer-mediated technologies allow individuals, companies, NGOs, governments, and other organizations to view, create, and share information, ideas, career interests in virtual communities and networks. For the tourism industry it is essential to create interesting content on social media at all stages of the journey. Social networking is one of the fastest growing sectors. The aim of the paper was to highlight the role of social media in the tourism industry, to reveal how social networks affect tourism, and how tourists benefit from using social networks while traveling. The research should have revealed which search engine Georgian tourists use to get information throughout their travel and whether they usually use social media platforms to buy a tourism product. With using qualitative and quantitative (population-based) methods, the results of the study showed that travelers in Georgia actively use social media for ideas and inspiration, at the same time to
2021-06-30
∘ Irina Gogorishvili ∘
THE MAIN CHALLENGES OF ECONOMIC POLICY DURING AND AFTER THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
summary This paper examines the issues of the pandemic and post-pandemic period of COVID 19. An analysis of the economic transformation and the possibility of Georgia’s economic policy to overcome the crisis. The main policies and decisions should be based on the processes of steady digitalization of the processes of restoration and implementation of new trends. The changes will affect business models, which implies the emergence of a new differentiated business cycle. The study is based on the use of web pages and decisions of the Georgian government. The study assesses the changes taking place in the Georgian economy. Key word: COVID 19 pandemic, Economic Policy of Georgia, new digit skills and
2021-06-30
THE MAIN CHALLENGES OF ECONOMIC POLICY DURING AND AFTER THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
summary This paper examines the issues of the pandemic and post-pandemic period of COVID 19. An analysis of the economic transformation and the possibility of Georgia’s economic policy to overcome the crisis. The main policies and decisions should be based on the processes of steady digitalization of the processes of restoration and implementation of new trends. The changes will affect business models, which implies the emergence of a new differentiated business cycle. The study is based on the use of web pages and decisions of the Georgian government. The study assesses the changes taking place in the Georgian economy. Key word: COVID 19 pandemic, Economic Policy of Georgia, new digit skills and
2021-06-30
∘ Maya Gogokhia ∘
CORPORATE SOCIAL OF COMMERCIAL BANKS FOR THE ISSUE OF LIABILITY ASSESSMENT
Summary One of the important lessons learned from the global financial crisis is that ensuring the sustainability of a particular financial institution by the financial regulator is not enough, since it does not ensure the stability of the financial system as a whole.Adherence to the principle of social responsibility by the state, the national bank, commercial banks, their employees and consumers is important for the stability of the banking system.Otherwise, the crises of recent years have brought to the fore the ethical principles of behavior of monetary institutions, including, first of all, banks, since all their activities have a significant impact on the state of society and the environment. Nowadays, it is difficult to find a good reputable company in the world that does not pay due attention to the issue of social responsibility, which is the response of business to the changing needs of society.Successful companies are interested in their own business, as well as
2021-06-30
CORPORATE SOCIAL OF COMMERCIAL BANKS FOR THE ISSUE OF LIABILITY ASSESSMENT
Summary One of the important lessons learned from the global financial crisis is that ensuring the sustainability of a particular financial institution by the financial regulator is not enough, since it does not ensure the stability of the financial system as a whole.Adherence to the principle of social responsibility by the state, the national bank, commercial banks, their employees and consumers is important for the stability of the banking system.Otherwise, the crises of recent years have brought to the fore the ethical principles of behavior of monetary institutions, including, first of all, banks, since all their activities have a significant impact on the state of society and the environment. Nowadays, it is difficult to find a good reputable company in the world that does not pay due attention to the issue of social responsibility, which is the response of business to the changing needs of society.Successful companies are interested in their own business, as well as
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Gorgadze ∘
COVID 19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT - CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Summary In early 2020, the coronavirus pandemic suddenly and very rapidly swept across the globe, affecting all areas of activity and affecting every individual; Changed the lifestyle and work of each of us. Not surprisingly, the pandemic has had a major impact on project managers, project delivery and management styles. The pandemic has been raging for more than a year and a number of companies and projects in the field of projects have stalled, while a number have been able to survive and develop. Coronavirus (COVID-19) exposure tested organizations' ability and ability to effectively manage projects and programs. The studies identified 4 stages (Horizons) of response, namely: Stage 0 - Reaction. Address immediate challenges and ensure clarity on the role of the project team and stakeholders. Stage 1 - Sustainability. Restoration of disrupted activities and introduction of a sustainable project implementation model. Stage 2 - Recovery. Adapting projects to updated
2021-06-30
COVID 19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT - CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Summary In early 2020, the coronavirus pandemic suddenly and very rapidly swept across the globe, affecting all areas of activity and affecting every individual; Changed the lifestyle and work of each of us. Not surprisingly, the pandemic has had a major impact on project managers, project delivery and management styles. The pandemic has been raging for more than a year and a number of companies and projects in the field of projects have stalled, while a number have been able to survive and develop. Coronavirus (COVID-19) exposure tested organizations' ability and ability to effectively manage projects and programs. The studies identified 4 stages (Horizons) of response, namely: Stage 0 - Reaction. Address immediate challenges and ensure clarity on the role of the project team and stakeholders. Stage 1 - Sustainability. Restoration of disrupted activities and introduction of a sustainable project implementation model. Stage 2 - Recovery. Adapting projects to updated
2021-06-30
∘ Nata Davlasheridze ∘ Shota Tvauri ∘
ECONOMIC CONFRONTATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA IN POST-PANDEMIC GLOBALIZATION.
Summary The paper presents the most significant research materials reflecting the economic situation in the world in the context of post-pandemic globalization on the example of the relationship between the United States and China. Several authoritative trends were highlighted, their key concepts and conclusions were analyzed. Such an information flow is of great interest to other countries, including
2021-06-30
ECONOMIC CONFRONTATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA IN POST-PANDEMIC GLOBALIZATION.
Summary The paper presents the most significant research materials reflecting the economic situation in the world in the context of post-pandemic globalization on the example of the relationship between the United States and China. Several authoritative trends were highlighted, their key concepts and conclusions were analyzed. Such an information flow is of great interest to other countries, including
2021-06-30
∘ Lina Datunashvili ∘
FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE OF GEORGIA
Summary The paper covers the term - the history of the origin of food security and its different variants, two of which were developed by the World Food Summit in 1974 and 1994, and the third variant by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The requirements of the main areas that must be met by the FAO as defined by food security are discussed. The impact of a number of factors on food security is shown, such as: deteriorating climate conditions and global warming, political instability, rising food prices, unemployment, etc. Covers the real situation of one of the main sectors of the Georgian national economy in 2016-2019 - agriculture and its role in mitigating food security. The deterioration of the economic indicators of the field and the low level of food security are shown due to the reduction of the sown area and production of annual and perennial crops, as well as the production of products in certain livestock sub-sectors. The low
2021-06-30
FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE OF GEORGIA
Summary The paper covers the term - the history of the origin of food security and its different variants, two of which were developed by the World Food Summit in 1974 and 1994, and the third variant by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The requirements of the main areas that must be met by the FAO as defined by food security are discussed. The impact of a number of factors on food security is shown, such as: deteriorating climate conditions and global warming, political instability, rising food prices, unemployment, etc. Covers the real situation of one of the main sectors of the Georgian national economy in 2016-2019 - agriculture and its role in mitigating food security. The deterioration of the economic indicators of the field and the low level of food security are shown due to the reduction of the sown area and production of annual and perennial crops, as well as the production of products in certain livestock sub-sectors. The low
2021-06-30
∘ Lia Dvalishvili ∘
ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY AND POLLUTION IN GEORGIA
Summary The polluted air is the main and very often an unvisible killer with which every ninth death is connected. The high quality of life depends on the high quality of air. The best standart to measure pollutants in air is Air Quality Index- AQI. Air quality in Georgia does not coin-side with the norms stated by EuroUnion. Atmospheric pollution is very high in our country and the legislation is even far from EU standarts. It is important that as a result of cooperation with European Enviromental Agency (EEA) the air quality data of Georgia at European portage became possible constantly. On the basic of 2020 data Air Quality index in Georgia was moderate AQI- 68, but PM2,5 concentration was twice as much relative to the recommendation of World Health care Organizations. As a whole the air pollution is associated with the death of yearly 3,741 people on average. Air pollution puts the future of the country on agenda. In spite of many positive changes
2021-06-30
ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY AND POLLUTION IN GEORGIA
Summary The polluted air is the main and very often an unvisible killer with which every ninth death is connected. The high quality of life depends on the high quality of air. The best standart to measure pollutants in air is Air Quality Index- AQI. Air quality in Georgia does not coin-side with the norms stated by EuroUnion. Atmospheric pollution is very high in our country and the legislation is even far from EU standarts. It is important that as a result of cooperation with European Enviromental Agency (EEA) the air quality data of Georgia at European portage became possible constantly. On the basic of 2020 data Air Quality index in Georgia was moderate AQI- 68, but PM2,5 concentration was twice as much relative to the recommendation of World Health care Organizations. As a whole the air pollution is associated with the death of yearly 3,741 people on average. Air pollution puts the future of the country on agenda. In spite of many positive changes
2021-06-30
∘ Mariam Ebralidze ∘ Maia Soselia ∘
THE IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY ERROR MONITORING IN CLINICAL LABORATORY MANAGEMENT
summary Clinical laboratory tests present indivisible part in clinical diagnostic. Majority, approximately 60-70% of important decisions in diagnostics are based on various tests performed in laboratories. Considering the role that these tests have in clinical medicine, it is clear that their reliability is highly important. Standardization, automation and technological advances highly improved analytical reliability of laboratory tests, however laboratory errors still occur daily at all stages of the total testing process. Managing and preventing these errors are one of the most important jobs that lab managers have. At any stage during testing process, lab errors have serious consequences, it calls for sample rejection, which leads to collecting new samples and repeating the testing, therefore results are delayed. As stated previously, lab tests play important role in diagnosis, so delays in results can have major influence on patient’s health. Producing reliable
2021-06-30
THE IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY ERROR MONITORING IN CLINICAL LABORATORY MANAGEMENT
summary Clinical laboratory tests present indivisible part in clinical diagnostic. Majority, approximately 60-70% of important decisions in diagnostics are based on various tests performed in laboratories. Considering the role that these tests have in clinical medicine, it is clear that their reliability is highly important. Standardization, automation and technological advances highly improved analytical reliability of laboratory tests, however laboratory errors still occur daily at all stages of the total testing process. Managing and preventing these errors are one of the most important jobs that lab managers have. At any stage during testing process, lab errors have serious consequences, it calls for sample rejection, which leads to collecting new samples and repeating the testing, therefore results are delayed. As stated previously, lab tests play important role in diagnosis, so delays in results can have major influence on patient’s health. Producing reliable
2021-06-30
∘ Naira Virsaladze ∘ Mavlina Kipiani ∘
STATISTICS OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AS AN INDICATOR OF THE COUNTRYS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
summary In the modern stage of globalization, economic relations between countries include a large amount of information on diverse and large-scale operations, which is an important indicator in the hands of analysts and politicians to correctly determine the development priorities of the country, not only foreign economic but also the whole economy. The balance of payments is one of the main and important national accounts, the purpose of which is to quantify the economic transactions carried out by residents of the national economy with non-residents, thus establishing a certain external economic balance between a given country and the rest of the world. Promoting local or foreign investment is one of the priorities of the challenges facing the Georgian economy. The economic growth and further development of the country greatly depends on its quantity and quality. No less important is the role of statistics in the management and regulation of these processes. For Georgia, as a
2021-06-30
STATISTICS OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AS AN INDICATOR OF THE COUNTRYS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
summary In the modern stage of globalization, economic relations between countries include a large amount of information on diverse and large-scale operations, which is an important indicator in the hands of analysts and politicians to correctly determine the development priorities of the country, not only foreign economic but also the whole economy. The balance of payments is one of the main and important national accounts, the purpose of which is to quantify the economic transactions carried out by residents of the national economy with non-residents, thus establishing a certain external economic balance between a given country and the rest of the world. Promoting local or foreign investment is one of the priorities of the challenges facing the Georgian economy. The economic growth and further development of the country greatly depends on its quantity and quality. No less important is the role of statistics in the management and regulation of these processes. For Georgia, as a
2021-06-30
∘ Mariam Zubiashvili ∘ Tamar Kiladze ∘
ENTERPRISE RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES PERFECTION OF ACCOUNTING
summary The present article deals with the problems of accounting for receivables and accounts payable of the enterprise, outlines the importance of their proper accounting. Deficiencies in their accounting have been identified and recommendations for improving debt accounting have been proposed in the form of the production of registers on the example of JSC Georgian Beer
2021-06-30
ENTERPRISE RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES PERFECTION OF ACCOUNTING
summary The present article deals with the problems of accounting for receivables and accounts payable of the enterprise, outlines the importance of their proper accounting. Deficiencies in their accounting have been identified and recommendations for improving debt accounting have been proposed in the form of the production of registers on the example of JSC Georgian Beer
2021-06-30
∘ Mariam Zubiashvili ∘ Nino Mgvdeladze ∘
ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT EVALUATION PROBLEMS
summary The article discusses the peculiarities of economic security assessment and management of the enterprise. The main indicators reflecting the level of economic security are separated. Recommendations for raising the level of economic security of the enterprise are
2021-06-30
ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT EVALUATION PROBLEMS
summary The article discusses the peculiarities of economic security assessment and management of the enterprise. The main indicators reflecting the level of economic security are separated. Recommendations for raising the level of economic security of the enterprise are
2021-06-30
∘ Tsitsino Tetrauli ∘
SOME ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Summary Permanent anthropogenic impacts on nature have exacerbated environmental problems. The global world has already realized the danger of depletion and depletion of natural resources, which could lead humanity to disaster. The world has developed the concept of sustainable development ("green economy", "blue economy") and the need to use natural resources rationally. Thus economic growth cannot be an end in itself. Georgia is a post-Soviet country with a small transition economy, but it has so many resources that it is less dependent on imports. To develop small and medium business, to revive the agrarian sphere and to develop a Georgian model of economic
2021-06-30
SOME ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Summary Permanent anthropogenic impacts on nature have exacerbated environmental problems. The global world has already realized the danger of depletion and depletion of natural resources, which could lead humanity to disaster. The world has developed the concept of sustainable development ("green economy", "blue economy") and the need to use natural resources rationally. Thus economic growth cannot be an end in itself. Georgia is a post-Soviet country with a small transition economy, but it has so many resources that it is less dependent on imports. To develop small and medium business, to revive the agrarian sphere and to develop a Georgian model of economic
2021-06-30
∘ Khatuna Todua ∘
THE EFFECT OF COVID -19 ON THE ECONOMY OF GEORGIA
Summary The coronavirus pandemic is affecting the global economy in an unprecedented way, and it is leading to a downturn, which is much deeper than that of any other economic crisis in the history of recent decades. It is not the easy task to estimate the depth and duration of the recession: for each country it will depend on specific economic situation, circumstances, strengths and vulnerabilities as well as on the development of pandemic. This includes also demographics, the level of healthcare development, the integration in global value chains, the level of dependence on tourism sector, etc. Georgia reported its first case of Covid-19 on February27, 2020 and its first deaths on April 6, 2020. The government reacted immediately - it banned direct flights from China in late January 2020 and imposed severe travel restrictions even within the country in March 2020.Universities as well as schools were closed on March11,2020,
2021-06-30
THE EFFECT OF COVID -19 ON THE ECONOMY OF GEORGIA
Summary The coronavirus pandemic is affecting the global economy in an unprecedented way, and it is leading to a downturn, which is much deeper than that of any other economic crisis in the history of recent decades. It is not the easy task to estimate the depth and duration of the recession: for each country it will depend on specific economic situation, circumstances, strengths and vulnerabilities as well as on the development of pandemic. This includes also demographics, the level of healthcare development, the integration in global value chains, the level of dependence on tourism sector, etc. Georgia reported its first case of Covid-19 on February27, 2020 and its first deaths on April 6, 2020. The government reacted immediately - it banned direct flights from China in late January 2020 and imposed severe travel restrictions even within the country in March 2020.Universities as well as schools were closed on March11,2020,
2021-06-30
∘ Nugzar Todua ∘ Ekaterine Urotadze ∘
THE IMPACT OF SMART TOURISM TECHNOLOGIES ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
summary The development of new technologies and means of communication in the 21st century is fundamentally changing the world. 4.0 The introduction of state-of-the-art technology affects many sectors of the economy, including tourism. 4.0 Tourism concept envisages technological transformations in the field of tourism and hospitality, which brings significant public benefits. The traditional tourism industry is entering the era of smart tourism. Smart Tourism is a universal information service that tourists receive during the travel process. Smart travel technologies belong to any form of information technologies that tourists use to find information, transactions, communications and create content. Researchers distinguish between various characteristics of smart tourism technology, based on which we can determine the following: informativeness, accessibility, interactivity, personalization, and security. Despite numerous studies in the field of smart tourism technology,
2021-06-30
THE IMPACT OF SMART TOURISM TECHNOLOGIES ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
summary The development of new technologies and means of communication in the 21st century is fundamentally changing the world. 4.0 The introduction of state-of-the-art technology affects many sectors of the economy, including tourism. 4.0 Tourism concept envisages technological transformations in the field of tourism and hospitality, which brings significant public benefits. The traditional tourism industry is entering the era of smart tourism. Smart Tourism is a universal information service that tourists receive during the travel process. Smart travel technologies belong to any form of information technologies that tourists use to find information, transactions, communications and create content. Researchers distinguish between various characteristics of smart tourism technology, based on which we can determine the following: informativeness, accessibility, interactivity, personalization, and security. Despite numerous studies in the field of smart tourism technology,
2021-06-30
∘ Lia Totladze ∘ Givi Veshapeli ∘
Concerning the issues of the influence of the digital transformation on the labour and labour market
Summary The twenty-first century global economy has become an era of innovation, technology, productivity, new knowledge and skills focused on sustainable and inclusive growth. With technological development, the labor market is constantly evolving and changing. Technological changes affect the demand and supply of labor, hence it has a great impact on people, business, employment, wages. The paper discusses the relationship between technological development and the labor market, and also evaluates the current trends in the replacement of humans by
2021-06-30
Concerning the issues of the influence of the digital transformation on the labour and labour market
Summary The twenty-first century global economy has become an era of innovation, technology, productivity, new knowledge and skills focused on sustainable and inclusive growth. With technological development, the labor market is constantly evolving and changing. Technological changes affect the demand and supply of labor, hence it has a great impact on people, business, employment, wages. The paper discusses the relationship between technological development and the labor market, and also evaluates the current trends in the replacement of humans by
2021-06-30
∘ Maia Soselia ∘ Giorgi Iremashvili ∘
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Summary In recent years the criteria for substantiating the widespread practical use of certain medical technologies and their funding from public funds have become increasingly stringent. Nowadays Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is politically recognized and structured in almost all economically developed and many developing countries. International cooperation in the field of HTA allows us to avoid duplication, make mutually beneficial exchanges of developed techniques, medical technologies and such, that will make high-cost treatments more accessible. In most of the leading countries, there is an active process of creating HTA national agencies and institutions. In some countries, for example, in Poland, these agencies are a state structure and part of the Ministry of Health. Elsewhere, for example in the UK, they are considered independent organizations, although they are funded from the state budget. There are also HTA structures that are co-financed or funded from private
2021-06-30
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Summary In recent years the criteria for substantiating the widespread practical use of certain medical technologies and their funding from public funds have become increasingly stringent. Nowadays Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is politically recognized and structured in almost all economically developed and many developing countries. International cooperation in the field of HTA allows us to avoid duplication, make mutually beneficial exchanges of developed techniques, medical technologies and such, that will make high-cost treatments more accessible. In most of the leading countries, there is an active process of creating HTA national agencies and institutions. In some countries, for example, in Poland, these agencies are a state structure and part of the Ministry of Health. Elsewhere, for example in the UK, they are considered independent organizations, although they are funded from the state budget. There are also HTA structures that are co-financed or funded from private
2021-06-30
∘ David Kbilashvili ∘
THE IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONTEMPORARY CONSUMERS
Summary Due to the fast technological advancements, pressures regarding environmental sustainability and social responsibility have become inseparable part of various industries. Along with a high quality, modern and future consumers will expect the business practices to be environmentally friendly and sustainable. According to research, an ethical image of the company will play an important role in decision-making of consumers and other internal and external stakeholders as well. There is an obvious trend of integrating CSR into the business practices of the majority of international industries and so called going green becomes the popular strategic shift. CSR is still a developing field. However, contemporary business world is full of empirical evidence of the opportunities and threats provided by CSR. This paper outlines opportunities and threats coming from CSR and provides empirical evidences of its importance for contemporary consumers. Key words: CSR, sustainable
2021-06-30
THE IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONTEMPORARY CONSUMERS
Summary Due to the fast technological advancements, pressures regarding environmental sustainability and social responsibility have become inseparable part of various industries. Along with a high quality, modern and future consumers will expect the business practices to be environmentally friendly and sustainable. According to research, an ethical image of the company will play an important role in decision-making of consumers and other internal and external stakeholders as well. There is an obvious trend of integrating CSR into the business practices of the majority of international industries and so called going green becomes the popular strategic shift. CSR is still a developing field. However, contemporary business world is full of empirical evidence of the opportunities and threats provided by CSR. This paper outlines opportunities and threats coming from CSR and provides empirical evidences of its importance for contemporary consumers. Key words: CSR, sustainable
2021-06-30
∘ Levan Kikilashvili ∘ Rusudan Kvaratskhelia ∘
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN TOURISM IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PHASE
Annotation. In Georgia, as well as around the world, tourism activity is still limited. At this stage, the state should take care of mountain tourism's promotion to introduce the potential of the Georgian mountains to the world tourism market to attract more tourists.Especially in the post-pandemic period, to restore the body and enjoy the picturesque nature. Georgia's mountain climate and conditions are beneficial for rehabilitating the organism transferred to Kovid and dealing with Kovid to heal the organism. Reduced atmospheric pressure, relatively low rates of air temperature and absolute humidity, fresh air, high concentrations of ultraviolet rays, and light negative air ions characterize the mountain climate. For therapeutic-prophylactic purposes, low and medium mountain climate is used, at an altitude of 400-2000 meters above sea level. Climatotherapy is shown for the following pathologies: diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system diseases, which often
2021-06-30
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN TOURISM IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PHASE
Annotation. In Georgia, as well as around the world, tourism activity is still limited. At this stage, the state should take care of mountain tourism's promotion to introduce the potential of the Georgian mountains to the world tourism market to attract more tourists.Especially in the post-pandemic period, to restore the body and enjoy the picturesque nature. Georgia's mountain climate and conditions are beneficial for rehabilitating the organism transferred to Kovid and dealing with Kovid to heal the organism. Reduced atmospheric pressure, relatively low rates of air temperature and absolute humidity, fresh air, high concentrations of ultraviolet rays, and light negative air ions characterize the mountain climate. For therapeutic-prophylactic purposes, low and medium mountain climate is used, at an altitude of 400-2000 meters above sea level. Climatotherapy is shown for the following pathologies: diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system diseases, which often
2021-06-30
∘ Mariam Zubiashvili ∘ Tamar Kiladze ∘
ROLE OF MARKETING SOCIAL-ECONOMIC CONCEPT IN FIRM
Summary Currently at solution of increasing and development of social-economic problem that includes LMOAT ll world society, special role has the social marketing. In the conditions of tightening of application of resources, economic and social restrictions it would be developed on the level of changed marketing and would be applied as effective tool in management. As the origination of changes is mainly related with crisis situations, the social marketing is actual rather for the timely application of marketing principles and technologies that stipulates at changes in behavior of
2021-06-30
ROLE OF MARKETING SOCIAL-ECONOMIC CONCEPT IN FIRM
Summary Currently at solution of increasing and development of social-economic problem that includes LMOAT ll world society, special role has the social marketing. In the conditions of tightening of application of resources, economic and social restrictions it would be developed on the level of changed marketing and would be applied as effective tool in management. As the origination of changes is mainly related with crisis situations, the social marketing is actual rather for the timely application of marketing principles and technologies that stipulates at changes in behavior of
2021-06-30
∘ Ketevan Kitsmarishvili ∘
MEASURES NEEDED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES
Summary Industrialized as well as dynamically developed countries have achieved impressive results in recent years with mostly successful innovative-technological activities. At present, the innovative climate in Georgia is unfavorable for these activities. There is no unified innovative state policy, weak innovation infrastructure, limited innovation market and the means of normal economic stimulation of the management of these processes. Financial difficulties in the industrial sector, lack of proper guarantees and difficulties in creating modern and especially high-tech production, unstable pace of development further reduced the interest in innovative activities and led to its gradual shortening. And this is when the activation of innovative activities is a priority, the successful implementation of which leads to the solution of a wide range of economic and social development problems and is an effective tool that can ensure economic progress, and, most importantly, fill
2021-06-30
MEASURES NEEDED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES
Summary Industrialized as well as dynamically developed countries have achieved impressive results in recent years with mostly successful innovative-technological activities. At present, the innovative climate in Georgia is unfavorable for these activities. There is no unified innovative state policy, weak innovation infrastructure, limited innovation market and the means of normal economic stimulation of the management of these processes. Financial difficulties in the industrial sector, lack of proper guarantees and difficulties in creating modern and especially high-tech production, unstable pace of development further reduced the interest in innovative activities and led to its gradual shortening. And this is when the activation of innovative activities is a priority, the successful implementation of which leads to the solution of a wide range of economic and social development problems and is an effective tool that can ensure economic progress, and, most importantly, fill
2021-06-30
∘ Lia Kozmanashvili ∘
Professor Alfred Kuratashvilis scientific views on public administration problems
Summary The aim of the article is to study the ways of legal provision of public administration, solution of social and other problems according to the scientific theories of Professor Alfred Kuratashvili. The article discusses the scientific theories of Professor Alfred Kuratashvili. The article focuses on the theory of the supremacy of the interests of the people and the theory of balancing the rights and responsibilities of officials: the theory of the supremacy of the
2021-06-30
Professor Alfred Kuratashvilis scientific views on public administration problems
Summary The aim of the article is to study the ways of legal provision of public administration, solution of social and other problems according to the scientific theories of Professor Alfred Kuratashvili. The article discusses the scientific theories of Professor Alfred Kuratashvili. The article focuses on the theory of the supremacy of the interests of the people and the theory of balancing the rights and responsibilities of officials: the theory of the supremacy of the
2021-06-30
∘ Giorgi Kraveishvili ∘
Inclusive Economic Development as a Challenge of the XXI Century: Essence and Methodology, Comparative Analysis of Post-Soviet Countries
Summary The main concern for any country is to ensure economic prosperity and a high standard of living for its people. It is therefore essential that the economic growth and development of a country be equally beneficial to every citizen of that country. Inequality is observed in the world today between different groups of the population, as well as a high rate of people living below the poverty line. To solve this problem, the need for inclusive economic development was on the agenda of world economic policy at the beginning of the XXI century. Inclusive economic development envisages economic growth that will benefit the wider population, reduce poverty, and eliminate inequalities between different segments of the population. Several indicators are used to measure inclusive economic growth. Indicators assess economic growth rates, as well as poverty, inequality, and how fairly the benefits of economic growth are distributed to different groups of the population, and how
2021-06-30
Inclusive Economic Development as a Challenge of the XXI Century: Essence and Methodology, Comparative Analysis of Post-Soviet Countries
Summary The main concern for any country is to ensure economic prosperity and a high standard of living for its people. It is therefore essential that the economic growth and development of a country be equally beneficial to every citizen of that country. Inequality is observed in the world today between different groups of the population, as well as a high rate of people living below the poverty line. To solve this problem, the need for inclusive economic development was on the agenda of world economic policy at the beginning of the XXI century. Inclusive economic development envisages economic growth that will benefit the wider population, reduce poverty, and eliminate inequalities between different segments of the population. Several indicators are used to measure inclusive economic growth. Indicators assess economic growth rates, as well as poverty, inequality, and how fairly the benefits of economic growth are distributed to different groups of the population, and how
2021-06-30
∘ Tea Lazarashvili ∘ Rusudan Dalakishvili-Chichinadze ∘
SOCIAL INNOVATIONS: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONTENT
Summary One of the most pressing issues in the scientific literature is the status of social innovation as an independent phenomenon of public and economic life. Some scholars believe that the interest in social innovation as a scientific research object has been observed for the last 20 years and is driven by the search for alternative ways of solving public sector problems. Also, the transformation of relations between economic agents, caused by purposeful technological development, changes in the interests and incentives of individual economic agents in the social, cultural, environmental spheres. It should be noted that innovations in general and social innovations in particular are an integral part of socio-economic development, as they involve a qualitative change in all its factors and outcomes. In this regard, one of the main aspects of the study of this phenomenon is the development of theoretical-methodological views on the content basis of social
2021-06-30
SOCIAL INNOVATIONS: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONTENT
Summary One of the most pressing issues in the scientific literature is the status of social innovation as an independent phenomenon of public and economic life. Some scholars believe that the interest in social innovation as a scientific research object has been observed for the last 20 years and is driven by the search for alternative ways of solving public sector problems. Also, the transformation of relations between economic agents, caused by purposeful technological development, changes in the interests and incentives of individual economic agents in the social, cultural, environmental spheres. It should be noted that innovations in general and social innovations in particular are an integral part of socio-economic development, as they involve a qualitative change in all its factors and outcomes. In this regard, one of the main aspects of the study of this phenomenon is the development of theoretical-methodological views on the content basis of social
2021-06-30
∘ Zurab Lipartia ∘ Besik Sherazadishvili ∘
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EFFECTIVE REGIONAL POLICY (CONCEPTUAL-METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH)
Summary Strategic management is the management of an organization based on human potential, in which the production process is focused on customer needs, flexibly responds and implements changes in the organization, accurately responds to environmental challenges, achieves competitive advantages and enables long-term and achievable goals. In fact, Georgia should pay special attention to the resource potential of the region, economic and social development of the regions, rational directions of economic development of the region: a) analysis of the causes of the globalization process and driving forces; b) determination of the essence of competitiveness in relation to territorial units; c) reconciling different methods and approaches to the study of regional competitiveness; d) to develop the theoretical basis for the concentration of clusters and to determine their role in the competitiveness of the region; and e) to assess the competitiveness of the regions on the basis of
2021-06-30
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EFFECTIVE REGIONAL POLICY (CONCEPTUAL-METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH)
Summary Strategic management is the management of an organization based on human potential, in which the production process is focused on customer needs, flexibly responds and implements changes in the organization, accurately responds to environmental challenges, achieves competitive advantages and enables long-term and achievable goals. In fact, Georgia should pay special attention to the resource potential of the region, economic and social development of the regions, rational directions of economic development of the region: a) analysis of the causes of the globalization process and driving forces; b) determination of the essence of competitiveness in relation to territorial units; c) reconciling different methods and approaches to the study of regional competitiveness; d) to develop the theoretical basis for the concentration of clusters and to determine their role in the competitiveness of the region; and e) to assess the competitiveness of the regions on the basis of
2021-06-30
∘ Gela Lobjanidze ∘ Ketevan Mdinaradze ∘ Nana mdinaradze ∘ Ekaterine Sanikidze ∘
GLOBAL TRENDS IN CORONAECONOMY AND PROSPECTS FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIA
Summary Challenging year in 2020 has dramatically changed the world, with the COVID-19 pandemic becoming a completely unprecedented event that has had a profound impact on the structure of the global economy, the lives of hundreds of millions of people and led to critical changes, multifactorial systemic crises and complex by governments. Amid global turbulence and economic coronation, economic downturn, recession and stagflation, amid declining production of real goods in the real sector of the economy, the re-creation of the real socio-economic, socio-political and cultural world in the age of global civilization, today the new world economy needs development. Consider defining new effective mechanisms of global conduction and perfecting governance mechanisms. In this regard, and in order to ensure the development of the Georgian economy, it is expedient and important to take into account the relevant practical recommendations and measures of international organizations,
2021-06-30
GLOBAL TRENDS IN CORONAECONOMY AND PROSPECTS FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIA
Summary Challenging year in 2020 has dramatically changed the world, with the COVID-19 pandemic becoming a completely unprecedented event that has had a profound impact on the structure of the global economy, the lives of hundreds of millions of people and led to critical changes, multifactorial systemic crises and complex by governments. Amid global turbulence and economic coronation, economic downturn, recession and stagflation, amid declining production of real goods in the real sector of the economy, the re-creation of the real socio-economic, socio-political and cultural world in the age of global civilization, today the new world economy needs development. Consider defining new effective mechanisms of global conduction and perfecting governance mechanisms. In this regard, and in order to ensure the development of the Georgian economy, it is expedient and important to take into account the relevant practical recommendations and measures of international organizations,
2021-06-30
∘ Dali Magrakvelidze ∘
BANKRUPTCY AND ITS PREDICTION USING PROBABILISTIC MODELS
Summary Bankruptcy forecasting models in financial risk analysis have become an important decision support tool for stakeholders in organizations, including auditors, lenders, and shareholders. It has been shown that naive Bayesian networks perform well in predicting bankruptcy. The presented model relies on these results and uses a naive Bayesian network. Various methods have been introduced in the development of bankruptcy prediction models. Including probabilistic models used to provide early warning of a company’s bankruptcy. I will consider two different probabilistic models, one that is simpler and makes more assumptions, and the other that is somewhat more complex but makes fewer assumptions. Both models can make accurate predictions with the help of historical data to estimate the probable probabilities. In particular, it was found that the more complex model is very well calibrated to estimate the probabilities. It has been shown that naive Bayesian networks
2021-06-30
BANKRUPTCY AND ITS PREDICTION USING PROBABILISTIC MODELS
Summary Bankruptcy forecasting models in financial risk analysis have become an important decision support tool for stakeholders in organizations, including auditors, lenders, and shareholders. It has been shown that naive Bayesian networks perform well in predicting bankruptcy. The presented model relies on these results and uses a naive Bayesian network. Various methods have been introduced in the development of bankruptcy prediction models. Including probabilistic models used to provide early warning of a company’s bankruptcy. I will consider two different probabilistic models, one that is simpler and makes more assumptions, and the other that is somewhat more complex but makes fewer assumptions. Both models can make accurate predictions with the help of historical data to estimate the probable probabilities. In particular, it was found that the more complex model is very well calibrated to estimate the probabilities. It has been shown that naive Bayesian networks
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Mamuladze ∘
COMMUNICATIVE POLICY OF TRADING COMPANIES AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS IN GEORGIA
Summary Formatting an effective communication system with customers is one of the most important factors to gain a competitive advantage. Consequently, every company should try to use effective communication channels or refine its existing communication policies, because, in a highly competitive environment, it is becoming difficult to interest and attract customers. In the modern world, consumers are searching for different information when making a purchase decision, and therefore trading companies try to use such kind of advertising and marketing complex, that maximizes the interest and attraction of the target audience. Those trading companies, which will use effective communication policy will gain a competitive advantage and will become one of the most famous da requested
2021-06-30
COMMUNICATIVE POLICY OF TRADING COMPANIES AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS IN GEORGIA
Summary Formatting an effective communication system with customers is one of the most important factors to gain a competitive advantage. Consequently, every company should try to use effective communication channels or refine its existing communication policies, because, in a highly competitive environment, it is becoming difficult to interest and attract customers. In the modern world, consumers are searching for different information when making a purchase decision, and therefore trading companies try to use such kind of advertising and marketing complex, that maximizes the interest and attraction of the target audience. Those trading companies, which will use effective communication policy will gain a competitive advantage and will become one of the most famous da requested
2021-06-30
∘ Ketevan Mdinaradze ∘ Nana mdinaradze ∘
MECHANISM FOR ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Summary The article describes the socio-economic functions of education and the mechanisms for improving their implementation, describes ways to assess the socio-economic effectiveness of higher education. There are many criteria for assessing the socio-economic effectiveness of higher education. The most important of them is the growth of the material well-being of society. The level of income and social status of the employee is determined by the level of education. Keywords: Education system, Higher education, Socio-economic functions of higher
2021-06-30
MECHANISM FOR ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Summary The article describes the socio-economic functions of education and the mechanisms for improving their implementation, describes ways to assess the socio-economic effectiveness of higher education. There are many criteria for assessing the socio-economic effectiveness of higher education. The most important of them is the growth of the material well-being of society. The level of income and social status of the employee is determined by the level of education. Keywords: Education system, Higher education, Socio-economic functions of higher
2021-06-30
∘ Medea Melashvili ∘ Nunu Kistauri ∘ Ketevan Kveladze ∘
UNEMPLOYMENT AND PANDEMIC
Summary The paper is devoted to one of the most pressing global problems in the economy - unemployment and the impact of the quantitative pandemic on it. The so-called Postcovid trends: many industries are shrinking or disappearing; Rising unemployment; Special requests for specialists in the field of IT; For the most part, education, as well as tourism and services, switch to on-line forms in trade. The paper also provides a small analysis of the situation in this field in the world's leading countries and large companies. It is indicated that the so-called "Hidden unemployment" is growing more and more. Digital material reflecting the current situation in Georgia is
2021-06-30
UNEMPLOYMENT AND PANDEMIC
Summary The paper is devoted to one of the most pressing global problems in the economy - unemployment and the impact of the quantitative pandemic on it. The so-called Postcovid trends: many industries are shrinking or disappearing; Rising unemployment; Special requests for specialists in the field of IT; For the most part, education, as well as tourism and services, switch to on-line forms in trade. The paper also provides a small analysis of the situation in this field in the world's leading countries and large companies. It is indicated that the so-called "Hidden unemployment" is growing more and more. Digital material reflecting the current situation in Georgia is
2021-06-30
∘ Lela Menabdishvili ∘
DEATHS CAUSED BY THE “KILLER VIRUS” IN GEORGIA
Summary It is known that in the history of mankind there have been outbreaks of infections that have claimed the lives of millions more people than wars. At the beginning of last year, a new Coronavirus pandemic hit the world, which has already been dubbed the “killer virus”. When evaluating a virus as a “killer virus”, it is important to consider how much it affects the mortality rate. That is, whether we have an excess mortality rate. Georgia has experienced two waves of pandemics. The first outbreak was relatively painless and with less loss of life. During the months of January to August 2020, 30,537 people died. This figure is 1,246 points behind the same figure for 2019 and 644 - for 2018. The decrease the mortality rate from all causes during the period was 30%, and from the first confirmed case - 18% including August. That is, during the first wave of the pandemic, a low mortality rate was maintained in Georgia. As for the second wave, the
2021-06-30
DEATHS CAUSED BY THE “KILLER VIRUS” IN GEORGIA
Summary It is known that in the history of mankind there have been outbreaks of infections that have claimed the lives of millions more people than wars. At the beginning of last year, a new Coronavirus pandemic hit the world, which has already been dubbed the “killer virus”. When evaluating a virus as a “killer virus”, it is important to consider how much it affects the mortality rate. That is, whether we have an excess mortality rate. Georgia has experienced two waves of pandemics. The first outbreak was relatively painless and with less loss of life. During the months of January to August 2020, 30,537 people died. This figure is 1,246 points behind the same figure for 2019 and 644 - for 2018. The decrease the mortality rate from all causes during the period was 30%, and from the first confirmed case - 18% including August. That is, during the first wave of the pandemic, a low mortality rate was maintained in Georgia. As for the second wave, the
2021-06-30
∘ Nana Menabdishvili ∘
THE MAIN TRENDS IN MEDIAN AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE
Summary Modernization of wedding behavior is common in many countries around the world. This is manifested by such indicators as: a decrease in the number of marriages, an increase in the number of divorces, an increase in the number of cohabiting partners and, consequently, an increase in the share of children born in unmarried couples, increase in the median age at first marriage, and etc. The median age of marriage depends on the country, its culture, religion, values, traditions, and etc. Until recently, the marriage age of women in many countries was lower than that of man. But because of gender equality it has grown to the age of men in many places. The average age at first marriage in European countries is as follows: the earliest marriages are observed in Eastern European countries, where the bride’s age ranges between 22 and 26 years while the groom’s ranges between 24 and 27 years. In most Central European countries, women get married at the
2021-06-30
THE MAIN TRENDS IN MEDIAN AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE
Summary Modernization of wedding behavior is common in many countries around the world. This is manifested by such indicators as: a decrease in the number of marriages, an increase in the number of divorces, an increase in the number of cohabiting partners and, consequently, an increase in the share of children born in unmarried couples, increase in the median age at first marriage, and etc. The median age of marriage depends on the country, its culture, religion, values, traditions, and etc. Until recently, the marriage age of women in many countries was lower than that of man. But because of gender equality it has grown to the age of men in many places. The average age at first marriage in European countries is as follows: the earliest marriages are observed in Eastern European countries, where the bride’s age ranges between 22 and 26 years while the groom’s ranges between 24 and 27 years. In most Central European countries, women get married at the
2021-06-30
∘ Simon Gelashvili ∘ Nino Abesadze ∘ Marine Mindorashvili ∘
PROGRAM-METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE STANDARD OF LIVING
Summary The article aims to cover the methodological issues of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the impact of the current pandemic on the standard of living of the population, which includes collecting relevant data and forming a research database, as well as processing the received information and calculating adequate indicators; To determine the volume of income and expenditure of the population as a result of the pandemic and structural changes; Complex qualitative and quantitative analysis of the living standards of the population; Besides, the calculation of medium-term forecasts of living standards of the population. The research methodology consists of two stages: first, the program-methodological, organizational and field stage of the research (includes: developing a research questionnaire, determining a selective set, conducting a survey of respondents remotely (online), receiving and controlling data, preparing it for computer processing), And secondly, the
2021-06-30
PROGRAM-METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE STANDARD OF LIVING
Summary The article aims to cover the methodological issues of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the impact of the current pandemic on the standard of living of the population, which includes collecting relevant data and forming a research database, as well as processing the received information and calculating adequate indicators; To determine the volume of income and expenditure of the population as a result of the pandemic and structural changes; Complex qualitative and quantitative analysis of the living standards of the population; Besides, the calculation of medium-term forecasts of living standards of the population. The research methodology consists of two stages: first, the program-methodological, organizational and field stage of the research (includes: developing a research questionnaire, determining a selective set, conducting a survey of respondents remotely (online), receiving and controlling data, preparing it for computer processing), And secondly, the
2021-06-30
∘ Onise Mirtskhulava ∘
PRINCIPLES FOR THE FORMATION OF A FAIR AND EFFICIENT TAX SYSTEM IN THE COUNTRY
Summary The development, implementation and implementation of the correct tax policy is one of the main priorities of state policy. At the expense of the resources generated by the tax system, the budget is formed and the state functions, followed by the country's development and economic progress. Therefore, developing the right policy, monitoring it and analyzing problems will allow us to create a coherent system. To implement an effective economic policy, the state must formulate a unified tax policy, analyze the problems arising in it and adjust the results. Only with a well-functioning and orderly system is it possible to achieve sustainable economic development, economic growth and the solution of acute social problems. The definition of taxes, their size and control over them in terms of fairness and efficiency have been the subject of controversy among famous thinkers since ancient times. It is the prerogative of every country to create a flexible and efficient tax
2021-06-30
PRINCIPLES FOR THE FORMATION OF A FAIR AND EFFICIENT TAX SYSTEM IN THE COUNTRY
Summary The development, implementation and implementation of the correct tax policy is one of the main priorities of state policy. At the expense of the resources generated by the tax system, the budget is formed and the state functions, followed by the country's development and economic progress. Therefore, developing the right policy, monitoring it and analyzing problems will allow us to create a coherent system. To implement an effective economic policy, the state must formulate a unified tax policy, analyze the problems arising in it and adjust the results. Only with a well-functioning and orderly system is it possible to achieve sustainable economic development, economic growth and the solution of acute social problems. The definition of taxes, their size and control over them in terms of fairness and efficiency have been the subject of controversy among famous thinkers since ancient times. It is the prerogative of every country to create a flexible and efficient tax
2021-06-30
∘ Tsira Mikatadze ∘ Nino Grigolaia ∘
TRANSACTION COSTS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MANAGERS
Summary The article discusses the origins and significance of transaction costs. High transaction costs lead to a reduction in business activity and a serious modification of the firm’s behavior. It is therefore necessary to search for the optimum. It is also essential to make the right choice between the costs incurred in dealing with the market and the costs associated with carrying out these transactions within the firm in order to reduce the sum of costs and achieve a common economic
2021-06-30
TRANSACTION COSTS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MANAGERS
Summary The article discusses the origins and significance of transaction costs. High transaction costs lead to a reduction in business activity and a serious modification of the firm’s behavior. It is therefore necessary to search for the optimum. It is also essential to make the right choice between the costs incurred in dealing with the market and the costs associated with carrying out these transactions within the firm in order to reduce the sum of costs and achieve a common economic
2021-06-30
∘ Zurab Nozadze ∘
Sustainable development and its economic, ecological and social issues
Summary In the article the Sustainable development and its economic, ecological and social issues are
2021-06-30
Sustainable development and its economic, ecological and social issues
Summary In the article the Sustainable development and its economic, ecological and social issues are
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Samchkuashvili ∘
Maternity and workspace
Summary A Woman is a rightful member of modern society. She tries to be maximally realized, to develop, to be independent, to develop her career. In parallel with all this, she also tries to be a good mother. Modern woman can balance and develop these two directions of her life equally. To help modern woman the democratic world has come up with the idea of positive discrimination, according to which special conditions are created for a woman at the legislative level so that she can have and raise a child without refusing career development. The article discusses the essence of maternity leave and the current situation in Georgia in this
2021-06-30
Maternity and workspace
Summary A Woman is a rightful member of modern society. She tries to be maximally realized, to develop, to be independent, to develop her career. In parallel with all this, she also tries to be a good mother. Modern woman can balance and develop these two directions of her life equally. To help modern woman the democratic world has come up with the idea of positive discrimination, according to which special conditions are created for a woman at the legislative level so that she can have and raise a child without refusing career development. The article discusses the essence of maternity leave and the current situation in Georgia in this
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Sardlishvili ∘ Nino Sachaleli ∘
People employed in tourism and the peculiarities of their management
Summary The level of quality of tourism products and services depends оn a labor capital. The professional and highly qualified human resources create the environment in which the tourist feels comfortable, therefore it is necessary to appreciate, encourage, improve working conditions, protect labor rights. In order to get the maximum effect it is necessary to promote their career development and support them to achieve their goals. With its nature tourism is a combination of different sub-sectors, each of these areas should take care of raising the professionalism of its staff, with developing various training programs, seminars, systematic conduct of training meetings. A good example in this case is the Georgian Guides Association, which helps to increase the number of highly qualified, professional guides in the country. There are also the associations of restaurateurs, sommelier and others, such organizations perform several functions, they are not only engaged in
2021-06-30
People employed in tourism and the peculiarities of their management
Summary The level of quality of tourism products and services depends оn a labor capital. The professional and highly qualified human resources create the environment in which the tourist feels comfortable, therefore it is necessary to appreciate, encourage, improve working conditions, protect labor rights. In order to get the maximum effect it is necessary to promote their career development and support them to achieve their goals. With its nature tourism is a combination of different sub-sectors, each of these areas should take care of raising the professionalism of its staff, with developing various training programs, seminars, systematic conduct of training meetings. A good example in this case is the Georgian Guides Association, which helps to increase the number of highly qualified, professional guides in the country. There are also the associations of restaurateurs, sommelier and others, such organizations perform several functions, they are not only engaged in
2021-06-30
∘ Dali Sologhashvili ∘ Tatia Udesiani ∘
ISSUES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL OF AUDIT ACTIVITIES
Summary Audit activity is the work performed by an auditor or an audit firm on the basis of International Standards on Auditing, which is an audit finding that reflects the soundness, fairness and completeness of the financial statements. And, the auditor and the audit firm are the persons performing the audit activity, who are required to comply with the IESBA Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants and to have their own quality control system policies and procedures in line with International Standards on Quality Control (ISQC). The article presents both the general theoretical as well as the current situation in practice based on the analysis and quality improvement of auditing activities and directions for its improvement. Keywords: audit, internal control, quality control,
2021-06-30
ISSUES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL OF AUDIT ACTIVITIES
Summary Audit activity is the work performed by an auditor or an audit firm on the basis of International Standards on Auditing, which is an audit finding that reflects the soundness, fairness and completeness of the financial statements. And, the auditor and the audit firm are the persons performing the audit activity, who are required to comply with the IESBA Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants and to have their own quality control system policies and procedures in line with International Standards on Quality Control (ISQC). The article presents both the general theoretical as well as the current situation in practice based on the analysis and quality improvement of auditing activities and directions for its improvement. Keywords: audit, internal control, quality control,
2021-06-30
∘ Maka Sosanidze ∘ Lali Osadze ∘
DIGITAL MARKETING IN A PANDEMIC
Summary The marketing concept is constantly being transformed by new technologies. 2020 has become a critical year for the development of both marketing and the global economy as a whole. The new viral infection forced the Earth's population to limit contacts and isolate themselves as much as possible. Therefore, companies soon switched to digital marketing. Companies that previously ignored digital technology are now forced to adapt their strategy and organizational culture to new realities. Today, when the world is developing at an unprecedented pace, the success of any business requires modern innovations, their maximum use to spread information about their products, connect with potential customers and attract them. This is made possible very easily thanks to the online space that brings companies together with almost all types of users. Marketing, its tools and methods have been actively changing in recent years. Pandemic Has become a powerful catalyst for these
2021-06-30
DIGITAL MARKETING IN A PANDEMIC
Summary The marketing concept is constantly being transformed by new technologies. 2020 has become a critical year for the development of both marketing and the global economy as a whole. The new viral infection forced the Earth's population to limit contacts and isolate themselves as much as possible. Therefore, companies soon switched to digital marketing. Companies that previously ignored digital technology are now forced to adapt their strategy and organizational culture to new realities. Today, when the world is developing at an unprecedented pace, the success of any business requires modern innovations, their maximum use to spread information about their products, connect with potential customers and attract them. This is made possible very easily thanks to the online space that brings companies together with almost all types of users. Marketing, its tools and methods have been actively changing in recent years. Pandemic Has become a powerful catalyst for these
2021-06-30
∘ Maia Soselia ∘ Tamar Begdarashvili ∘
ADAPTIVE STRATEGY OF COMPANIES
Summary The firm adaptive strategy is seen in part as a guarantee for its future success. It is a serious privilege especially in the face of modern competition. A prerequisite for the formation of the adaptive management system was the enterprise adaptation strategy, which in turn combines different alternatives of actions and it takes the form of a kind of action plan. A similar plan has been developed by the enterprise to adapt to the changing business environment. Most importantly, in the long run, all this is aimed at ensuring both the firm's competitiveness as well as high financial profitability and further strengthening its market
2021-06-30
ADAPTIVE STRATEGY OF COMPANIES
Summary The firm adaptive strategy is seen in part as a guarantee for its future success. It is a serious privilege especially in the face of modern competition. A prerequisite for the formation of the adaptive management system was the enterprise adaptation strategy, which in turn combines different alternatives of actions and it takes the form of a kind of action plan. A similar plan has been developed by the enterprise to adapt to the changing business environment. Most importantly, in the long run, all this is aimed at ensuring both the firm's competitiveness as well as high financial profitability and further strengthening its market
2021-06-30
∘ Lali Sreseli ∘
THE ROLE OF THE STATE-BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP IN THE EMPLOYMENT RATE
Summary Reducing unemployment and effectively employing the population is a priority of any state's economic policy. Business development, which creates new jobs and a stable economic situation, is impossible without the support of the state, and in turn, the economic strength of the country depends on the quality of development of the business sector, as business is a tool through which the state performs its functions. The number of employees in the business sector is characterized by a growing trend in recent years, which once again emphasizes the importance of the role of business in terms of job growth and, consequently, employment. The role of the state as a "regulator" of the economy is becoming more and more obvious. Keywords: Employment, Unemployment, Business, Entrepreneurship,
2021-06-30
THE ROLE OF THE STATE-BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP IN THE EMPLOYMENT RATE
Summary Reducing unemployment and effectively employing the population is a priority of any state's economic policy. Business development, which creates new jobs and a stable economic situation, is impossible without the support of the state, and in turn, the economic strength of the country depends on the quality of development of the business sector, as business is a tool through which the state performs its functions. The number of employees in the business sector is characterized by a growing trend in recent years, which once again emphasizes the importance of the role of business in terms of job growth and, consequently, employment. The role of the state as a "regulator" of the economy is becoming more and more obvious. Keywords: Employment, Unemployment, Business, Entrepreneurship,
2021-06-30
∘ Iamze Surmanidze ∘
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SECTORAL STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE BUSINESS SECTOR OF ADJARA AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC
Summary Adjara differs from other regions of Georgia in the priority and perspective of economic activity. This article examines the statistical analysis of the sectoral structure of employment in the entrepreneurial sector of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara in the sectoral, gender and municipal context. According to 2019 data, 158.1 thousand people are employed in Adjara, of which 74.8 thousand are employed in the business sector or 58.4% of those employed in the business sector, which is 5 units more than in the previous year. The distribution of employees by municipalities of Adjara shows that the level of employment in the business sector of the municipalities of Batumi, Kobuleti and Khelvachauri is quite high than in the mountainous municipalities, which is a result of active urbanization in Adjara. Jobs are mainly concentrated in cities with more enterprises. The level of urbanization and unemployment in Adjara is also high compared to other regions of Georgia, which
2021-06-30
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SECTORAL STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE BUSINESS SECTOR OF ADJARA AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC
Summary Adjara differs from other regions of Georgia in the priority and perspective of economic activity. This article examines the statistical analysis of the sectoral structure of employment in the entrepreneurial sector of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara in the sectoral, gender and municipal context. According to 2019 data, 158.1 thousand people are employed in Adjara, of which 74.8 thousand are employed in the business sector or 58.4% of those employed in the business sector, which is 5 units more than in the previous year. The distribution of employees by municipalities of Adjara shows that the level of employment in the business sector of the municipalities of Batumi, Kobuleti and Khelvachauri is quite high than in the mountainous municipalities, which is a result of active urbanization in Adjara. Jobs are mainly concentrated in cities with more enterprises. The level of urbanization and unemployment in Adjara is also high compared to other regions of Georgia, which
2021-06-30
∘ Tamaz Gamsakhurdia ∘ Teimuraz Pestvenidze ∘
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT - A STRONG STATE
Summary The paper deals with the main tasks of the government, the aim of which is to strengthen the country and improve the well-being of the population that depends on the ability to use experience, qualifications, and professional development, physical and mental labor effectively. It is emphasized that through effective labor and the development of wise decisions, you can provide the well-being of yourself and the country as a whole. It is also mentioned here that due to our demographic situation, the government should pay more attention to the mothers of infants and invest as much as possible in this great patriotic issue that will obviously have a great impact on the country. It also mentions the lack of investment and the increase in lecturer-teacher retirement rates. The paper discusses the importance of the country's natural and mineral wealth and the efficiency of its extraction-use for the prosperity of the country's
2021-06-30
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT - A STRONG STATE
Summary The paper deals with the main tasks of the government, the aim of which is to strengthen the country and improve the well-being of the population that depends on the ability to use experience, qualifications, and professional development, physical and mental labor effectively. It is emphasized that through effective labor and the development of wise decisions, you can provide the well-being of yourself and the country as a whole. It is also mentioned here that due to our demographic situation, the government should pay more attention to the mothers of infants and invest as much as possible in this great patriotic issue that will obviously have a great impact on the country. It also mentions the lack of investment and the increase in lecturer-teacher retirement rates. The paper discusses the importance of the country's natural and mineral wealth and the efficiency of its extraction-use for the prosperity of the country's
2021-06-30
∘ Tengiz Kavtaradze ∘
FOOD PROCESSING MODERN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS IN GEORGIAN OX BREEDING
Summary In Georgia ox breeding is quite well developed. This field in republic economy has important place. Its development level is conditioned by specifical natural in Georgia – ox winter and spring pasture; Georgian ox is giving special taste of meat, high quality carpet wool and cheese and it is famouse outside of our republic. Demolition of social farming, massive land privatization, disruption of social agricultural infrastructure, lost in Caspian region of 200 ha winter pastures, has caused ox breeding field huge decrease, was violated between mountain and lowland economic links. Which coused by migration from mountain villages. Ox breeding is profitable field, which is necessary for development of infrastructure, approaching to world standarts and improving competitiveness. By this viewpoint we expediently belive with North Coucasus has to be make joint ox breeding farms, we would be use our spring pastures and our shepherds will be use Kizlar winter
2021-06-30
FOOD PROCESSING MODERN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS IN GEORGIAN OX BREEDING
Summary In Georgia ox breeding is quite well developed. This field in republic economy has important place. Its development level is conditioned by specifical natural in Georgia – ox winter and spring pasture; Georgian ox is giving special taste of meat, high quality carpet wool and cheese and it is famouse outside of our republic. Demolition of social farming, massive land privatization, disruption of social agricultural infrastructure, lost in Caspian region of 200 ha winter pastures, has caused ox breeding field huge decrease, was violated between mountain and lowland economic links. Which coused by migration from mountain villages. Ox breeding is profitable field, which is necessary for development of infrastructure, approaching to world standarts and improving competitiveness. By this viewpoint we expediently belive with North Coucasus has to be make joint ox breeding farms, we would be use our spring pastures and our shepherds will be use Kizlar winter
2021-06-30
∘ Liana Kartvelishvili ∘ Lasha Kurdashvili ∘ Ariam Khetsuriani ∘ Bondo Panchvidze ∘
The significance of natural environment in tourism industry
Summary Georgia′s tourism sector has a great potential.In last period, the development of regional tourism industry has become especially topical. For the development of regional tourism it is necessary to define the marketing strategy of the country, through which the market opportunities of this or that field are revealed. The economic impact of tourism, it′s impact on the principles of sustainable development in the social and natural environment, necessitates the deeping of studies on the state of tourism and development perspectives, which allows to solve complex problems related to the survival of the local population, protection of natural resources and cultural heritage. Sustainable tourism helps to eliminate obstacles such as disagreement over the goals of protecting the natural environment and ensuring the development of the local population′s economy. Climate is a very important factor for travelers all around the world and because of that, it has
2021-06-30
The significance of natural environment in tourism industry
Summary Georgia′s tourism sector has a great potential.In last period, the development of regional tourism industry has become especially topical. For the development of regional tourism it is necessary to define the marketing strategy of the country, through which the market opportunities of this or that field are revealed. The economic impact of tourism, it′s impact on the principles of sustainable development in the social and natural environment, necessitates the deeping of studies on the state of tourism and development perspectives, which allows to solve complex problems related to the survival of the local population, protection of natural resources and cultural heritage. Sustainable tourism helps to eliminate obstacles such as disagreement over the goals of protecting the natural environment and ensuring the development of the local population′s economy. Climate is a very important factor for travelers all around the world and because of that, it has
2021-06-30
∘ Irakli Kvaraia ∘ Ketevan Kutateladze ∘ Elisabed Malania ∘
IMPACT OF CONSTRUCTION RISKS ON INVESTMENT COSTS
Summary The article considers the issue of the feasibility of taking into account all risks at the beginning of the construction of new facilities. which have recently become especially diverse. For example, no one could have imagined that last year, due to the pandemic, the construction of many unique buildings and structures was interrupted in many countries of the world. Based on this, it is impossible to accurately take into account all construction risks, especially those that are caused only by political and environmental considerations. Traditionally, neglect of construction risks was directly associated with an increase in investment costs, which has always become the cause of disagreement and disputes between the customer and the builder. When there are unconventional risks, when the continuation or complete stop of work depends on subiective reasons, a big problem for the investor is the reimbursement of costs already incurred. To take into
2021-06-30
IMPACT OF CONSTRUCTION RISKS ON INVESTMENT COSTS
Summary The article considers the issue of the feasibility of taking into account all risks at the beginning of the construction of new facilities. which have recently become especially diverse. For example, no one could have imagined that last year, due to the pandemic, the construction of many unique buildings and structures was interrupted in many countries of the world. Based on this, it is impossible to accurately take into account all construction risks, especially those that are caused only by political and environmental considerations. Traditionally, neglect of construction risks was directly associated with an increase in investment costs, which has always become the cause of disagreement and disputes between the customer and the builder. When there are unconventional risks, when the continuation or complete stop of work depends on subiective reasons, a big problem for the investor is the reimbursement of costs already incurred. To take into
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Kvaraia ∘
IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS
Summary The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted global operations in all sectors and industries of the economy. The challenges are mainly caused by the constraints that countries have adopted and implemented globally as part of their strategy to combat the spread of the pandemic:Suspension of production, restriction of movement of people and goods, closure of borders, logistical restrictions, as well as slowdown in trade and business activities as a result of measures taken to block COVID-19. The emergence of the virus in China, which is one of the major hubs of production and distribution globally, has had a major impact on the supply of finished and semi-finished products for many countries around the world that are logistically linked to China.Over the past decade and a half, China has become the world's largest exporter, exporting about $ 2.3 trillion worth of goods
2021-06-30
IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS
Summary The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted global operations in all sectors and industries of the economy. The challenges are mainly caused by the constraints that countries have adopted and implemented globally as part of their strategy to combat the spread of the pandemic:Suspension of production, restriction of movement of people and goods, closure of borders, logistical restrictions, as well as slowdown in trade and business activities as a result of measures taken to block COVID-19. The emergence of the virus in China, which is one of the major hubs of production and distribution globally, has had a major impact on the supply of finished and semi-finished products for many countries around the world that are logistically linked to China.Over the past decade and a half, China has become the world's largest exporter, exporting about $ 2.3 trillion worth of goods
2021-06-30
∘ Medea Melashvili ∘ Nunu Kistauri ∘ Ketevan Kveladze ∘
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRONOMIC TOURISM IN GEORGIA (TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FOREIGN EXPERIENCE)
Summary For more than a year, the Georgian economy, like the world economies, has become a hostage of medicine, which is why the country's economic sectors have been locked up. Among these sectors is the tourism sector, which has suffered the biggest blow since the first day of the pandemic. The paper is dedicated to one of the current problems of the economy, such as the development of mechanisms for overcoming and managing the problems caused by the pandemic in the field of tourism, where the most correct way is to activate domestic tourism and create safe tourist zones and promoting the development of gastronomic tourism as one of the main tourism priorities. The favorable condition for this is to work out proper strategic plan of active research and development of regions in gastronomic aspect. The paper examines the general economic aspects and perspectives of the development of gastronomic tourism in the country, taking into account the experience of foreign countries, as
2021-06-30
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRONOMIC TOURISM IN GEORGIA (TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FOREIGN EXPERIENCE)
Summary For more than a year, the Georgian economy, like the world economies, has become a hostage of medicine, which is why the country's economic sectors have been locked up. Among these sectors is the tourism sector, which has suffered the biggest blow since the first day of the pandemic. The paper is dedicated to one of the current problems of the economy, such as the development of mechanisms for overcoming and managing the problems caused by the pandemic in the field of tourism, where the most correct way is to activate domestic tourism and create safe tourist zones and promoting the development of gastronomic tourism as one of the main tourism priorities. The favorable condition for this is to work out proper strategic plan of active research and development of regions in gastronomic aspect. The paper examines the general economic aspects and perspectives of the development of gastronomic tourism in the country, taking into account the experience of foreign countries, as
2021-06-30
∘ Medea Melashvili ∘ Nunu Kistauri ∘ Ketevan Kveladze ∘
SOME ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN GEORGIA
Summary The paper addresses a pressing issue such as foreign investment. The role of investments in the development of the economy in general, various incentives for attracting foreign investment. Therefore, the state investors are discussed. policy is of great importance for any country, which, of course, is the prerogative of the state. The paper sets out the principles of the policy pursued by the state in the field of investment; In particular, the principles of formulation and implementation of legislative policy. The examples of some countries in this field are given, and then the Georgian legislation in this field is discussed in detail, from the declaration of independence (1991) until today. It is also stated that caution should be exercised with foreign investments, as it also has side effects and, in this regard, some suggestions have been
2021-06-30
SOME ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN GEORGIA
Summary The paper addresses a pressing issue such as foreign investment. The role of investments in the development of the economy in general, various incentives for attracting foreign investment. Therefore, the state investors are discussed. policy is of great importance for any country, which, of course, is the prerogative of the state. The paper sets out the principles of the policy pursued by the state in the field of investment; In particular, the principles of formulation and implementation of legislative policy. The examples of some countries in this field are given, and then the Georgian legislation in this field is discussed in detail, from the declaration of independence (1991) until today. It is also stated that caution should be exercised with foreign investments, as it also has side effects and, in this regard, some suggestions have been
2021-06-30
∘ Nunu Kikodze ∘ Medea Lominashvili-Pruidze ∘
PROBLEMS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN GEORGIAN BUSINESS COMPANIES
Summary Nowadays, any company that is trying to survive in the long run, is interested in attracting new highly qualified employees. The process of selecting and recruitment of new employees is the most important factor leading a company to success. Every company faces the problem of staff selection, however the ways to solve this problem are individual and different for each of them. Professional personnel are the main resource of the company, which is essential for its prosperity. It may sound strange but everything is decided not only by money and technology, but also by human capital. The prosperity of a business depends on the quality of its human capital. Therefore, the aim of the article is to show how the efficiency of the company depends on the organized personnel management system. Also, how important is the attitude of the head of the company to human resources, in terms of their development and
2021-06-30
PROBLEMS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN GEORGIAN BUSINESS COMPANIES
Summary Nowadays, any company that is trying to survive in the long run, is interested in attracting new highly qualified employees. The process of selecting and recruitment of new employees is the most important factor leading a company to success. Every company faces the problem of staff selection, however the ways to solve this problem are individual and different for each of them. Professional personnel are the main resource of the company, which is essential for its prosperity. It may sound strange but everything is decided not only by money and technology, but also by human capital. The prosperity of a business depends on the quality of its human capital. Therefore, the aim of the article is to show how the efficiency of the company depends on the organized personnel management system. Also, how important is the attitude of the head of the company to human resources, in terms of their development and
2021-06-30
∘ Tamar Koblianidze ∘ Nino Sachaleli ∘
FACTORS, AFFECTING TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BEFORE AND AFTER COVID19
Annotation. The profitability of the tourism industry depends on several factors, for example on geographical location, season, resources, state regional policy and etc. The grouping, separating and analysing of these types of factors allow tourism to be discussed in a long-term period and give ability to people to be involved in the tourism to be more flexible and easily solve the problems that will appear later. Factors affecting the development of tourism may be the same with different countries, but there are factors that make one country different from another. The research answers the question of what factors and circumstances affect the development of the tourism business prior pandemics and now. Key Words: Tourism development, tourism factors, tourism circumstances, tourism and Covid19 *** Tourism is a combined business including several main fields: hotel business; eating and drinking; travelling and entertainment business. Tourism itself has a huge impact on
2021-06-30
FACTORS, AFFECTING TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BEFORE AND AFTER COVID19
Annotation. The profitability of the tourism industry depends on several factors, for example on geographical location, season, resources, state regional policy and etc. The grouping, separating and analysing of these types of factors allow tourism to be discussed in a long-term period and give ability to people to be involved in the tourism to be more flexible and easily solve the problems that will appear later. Factors affecting the development of tourism may be the same with different countries, but there are factors that make one country different from another. The research answers the question of what factors and circumstances affect the development of the tourism business prior pandemics and now. Key Words: Tourism development, tourism factors, tourism circumstances, tourism and Covid19 *** Tourism is a combined business including several main fields: hotel business; eating and drinking; travelling and entertainment business. Tourism itself has a huge impact on
2021-06-30
∘ Fati Shengelia ∘
THE CRITICAL SITUATION MANAGEMENT
Summary Critical situations are part of everyday operations. The term critical management situation stems from the underlying principle that critical situations occur across the organization at multiple - levels every day. Abnormal process operation can be just costly due opportunity cost. The problem solving process is a detailed, team oriented approach to solving critical problems in the production process. The goals of this process are to find the root cause of a problem, develop containment actions to protect customers and take corrective action to prevent similar problems in the future. Steps to Critical Thinking As It Relates To Problem Solving: Identify the Problem. The first task is to determine if a problem exists; Analyze the problem, look at it from different angles; Brainstorm and come up with a several possible solutions;. Decide which solution fits the situation best and Take action. Crises vary in their cause, form, and
2021-06-30
THE CRITICAL SITUATION MANAGEMENT
Summary Critical situations are part of everyday operations. The term critical management situation stems from the underlying principle that critical situations occur across the organization at multiple - levels every day. Abnormal process operation can be just costly due opportunity cost. The problem solving process is a detailed, team oriented approach to solving critical problems in the production process. The goals of this process are to find the root cause of a problem, develop containment actions to protect customers and take corrective action to prevent similar problems in the future. Steps to Critical Thinking As It Relates To Problem Solving: Identify the Problem. The first task is to determine if a problem exists; Analyze the problem, look at it from different angles; Brainstorm and come up with a several possible solutions;. Decide which solution fits the situation best and Take action. Crises vary in their cause, form, and
2021-06-30
∘ Ketevan Shengelia ∘
THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF THE ECONOMY IN A PANDEMIC
Summary The government's role in pulling the country out of the crisis is critical. It has the main responsibilities in: maintaining peace in society, normal living and working conditions; fostering business growth, attracting investment, increasing productivity and exports. Proper anti-crisis management can mitigate challenges by aligning the interests of both owners and employees, the public and the state, and by sustaining the long-term balance of the economy.. The source of economic development is technological progress, which should be stimulated by the state and big business with the support of broad sections of society. Technological advancement requires massive amounts of capital owned by large corporations and monopolies. Even in a free market environment, without state regulation, technological progress would be counterproductive. Research in universities should be developed and support is required for this. The fundamental values of the State should be: the rule of
2021-06-30
THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF THE ECONOMY IN A PANDEMIC
Summary The government's role in pulling the country out of the crisis is critical. It has the main responsibilities in: maintaining peace in society, normal living and working conditions; fostering business growth, attracting investment, increasing productivity and exports. Proper anti-crisis management can mitigate challenges by aligning the interests of both owners and employees, the public and the state, and by sustaining the long-term balance of the economy.. The source of economic development is technological progress, which should be stimulated by the state and big business with the support of broad sections of society. Technological advancement requires massive amounts of capital owned by large corporations and monopolies. Even in a free market environment, without state regulation, technological progress would be counterproductive. Research in universities should be developed and support is required for this. The fundamental values of the State should be: the rule of
2021-06-30
∘ Malkhaz Chikobava ∘
KLAUS SCHWABS "GREAT RESET" - THE ROAD TO NEO-TOTALITARIANISM
Summary The article analyzes the book of the irreplaceable chairman of the World Economic Forum Klaus Schwab "Covid-19: The Great Reset", his ideological identity with Milton Friedman, as well as the prospects for introducing the principles of the "Great Reset" into global life in the current viral economic crisis. The article notes that half a century ago, in 1971, when the World Economic Forum was established, preparations began for the "radical reform of capitalism", "the great reshuffle" and "revolution from above". However, comparing HG Wells's Open Conspiracy to Professor Klaus Schwab's The Great Renaissance, it becomes clear that the world's elite's plans for economic and political transformation have been carried out for almost 90 years with minor changes. Klaus Schwab's “Inclusive Capitalism” refers to a socio-economic model in which existing capitalism is transforming, but at the same time remains capitalism. The idea of such capitalism was most honestly
2021-06-30
KLAUS SCHWABS "GREAT RESET" - THE ROAD TO NEO-TOTALITARIANISM
Summary The article analyzes the book of the irreplaceable chairman of the World Economic Forum Klaus Schwab "Covid-19: The Great Reset", his ideological identity with Milton Friedman, as well as the prospects for introducing the principles of the "Great Reset" into global life in the current viral economic crisis. The article notes that half a century ago, in 1971, when the World Economic Forum was established, preparations began for the "radical reform of capitalism", "the great reshuffle" and "revolution from above". However, comparing HG Wells's Open Conspiracy to Professor Klaus Schwab's The Great Renaissance, it becomes clear that the world's elite's plans for economic and political transformation have been carried out for almost 90 years with minor changes. Klaus Schwab's “Inclusive Capitalism” refers to a socio-economic model in which existing capitalism is transforming, but at the same time remains capitalism. The idea of such capitalism was most honestly
2021-06-30
∘ Elene Chikovani ∘
ABOUT SOME ISSUES OF REALIZATION OF THE EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN LABOR RELATIONS
Summary The article characterizes problems of the development of equal opportunities in the field of labor relations of Georgia. Reviewes existed disadvantages established in the field of labor regulations in Georgia which, in some cases, creates drawback bariers for the development of the equal opportunities and provision of the labor assurances. Special attantions are paid to the equal opportunities and guarantees in labour and employment, pension provisions, creation of the competitive environment for the academic and scientific personnel of the public and private high educational institutins. Analyses the tendencies formed in the development of the public and private sectors of education in Georgia. The problems of the regulations with respect of the perfection of payed vacation, evaluation of pay for overtime work, formalization of the status of emeritus, emprovement of the existed social guarantees in
2021-06-30
ABOUT SOME ISSUES OF REALIZATION OF THE EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN LABOR RELATIONS
Summary The article characterizes problems of the development of equal opportunities in the field of labor relations of Georgia. Reviewes existed disadvantages established in the field of labor regulations in Georgia which, in some cases, creates drawback bariers for the development of the equal opportunities and provision of the labor assurances. Special attantions are paid to the equal opportunities and guarantees in labour and employment, pension provisions, creation of the competitive environment for the academic and scientific personnel of the public and private high educational institutins. Analyses the tendencies formed in the development of the public and private sectors of education in Georgia. The problems of the regulations with respect of the perfection of payed vacation, evaluation of pay for overtime work, formalization of the status of emeritus, emprovement of the existed social guarantees in
2021-06-30
∘ Tsitsi Tsitskrialashvili ∘
THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL FAMILY WINERIES BUSINESS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Summary The article describes the difficulties and problems faced by the owners of small family wineries during the pandemic, how they handled and maintained their business in the difficult conditions of the pandemic. The role of wine tourism and wine tourists in the development of small wineries business is analyzed. The article discusses the research of Italian professors on the role of the pandemic in successful wine-growing countries and ways to overcome it. A visit was made to the owners of small family wineries in Kakheti, a brief summary of the visit as a conclusion, giving recommendations to people interested in this field and start-up
2021-06-30
THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL FAMILY WINERIES BUSINESS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Summary The article describes the difficulties and problems faced by the owners of small family wineries during the pandemic, how they handled and maintained their business in the difficult conditions of the pandemic. The role of wine tourism and wine tourists in the development of small wineries business is analyzed. The article discusses the research of Italian professors on the role of the pandemic in successful wine-growing countries and ways to overcome it. A visit was made to the owners of small family wineries in Kakheti, a brief summary of the visit as a conclusion, giving recommendations to people interested in this field and start-up
2021-06-30
∘ Sophio Tsetskhladze ∘
PROBLEMS OF THE GEORGIAN WINE AND TOURISM MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
Summary Wine is one of the important factors for the development of tourism. Georgia has the opportunity to develop and turn wine tourism into a significant source of income. The place of wine in tourism is determined by the resources and opportunities available in the country. The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the tourism sector, which in previous years was a leading sector of the Georgian economy. The COVID-19 pandemic also had a significant impact on the wine industry. Reduced exports to international markets and the downturn in the domestic tourist season have posed new challenges for the industry. Despite the difficult epidemiological situation in the country, the LEPL National Wine Agency has not delayed the technical and technological procedures required for wine exports, marketing activities in the strategic international markets of Georgian wine have been replaced by remote and online formats. , Promotional pages of Georgian wine were created in
2021-06-30
PROBLEMS OF THE GEORGIAN WINE AND TOURISM MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
Summary Wine is one of the important factors for the development of tourism. Georgia has the opportunity to develop and turn wine tourism into a significant source of income. The place of wine in tourism is determined by the resources and opportunities available in the country. The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the tourism sector, which in previous years was a leading sector of the Georgian economy. The COVID-19 pandemic also had a significant impact on the wine industry. Reduced exports to international markets and the downturn in the domestic tourist season have posed new challenges for the industry. Despite the difficult epidemiological situation in the country, the LEPL National Wine Agency has not delayed the technical and technological procedures required for wine exports, marketing activities in the strategic international markets of Georgian wine have been replaced by remote and online formats. , Promotional pages of Georgian wine were created in
2021-06-30
∘ Tsira Tsetskhladze ∘
ADJARA AS AN IMPORTANT DESTINATION FOR RECREATIONAL TOURISM
Summary In the article Adjara As An Important Destination For Recreational Tourism is discussed the recreational opportunities for tourism development in Georgia, mainly in Adjara Autonomous Republic. Both tourist and recreational resources and values are underlined that enables Adjara Autonomous Republic to be considered as one of the largest recreational regions in the country.. The article focuses on the analysis of the necessary motivating factors that will be an incentive in Adjara, especially in the long run, for the development of recreational tourism in various forms, after the pandemic. Activating the demand for curing, sports-recreational and cultural-cognitive tourism destinations from the recreationists is an important future task to overcome the pandemic. Adapting to pandemic regulations and tackling other socio-economic or demographic problems in the country requires a series of complex measures through joint
2021-06-30
ADJARA AS AN IMPORTANT DESTINATION FOR RECREATIONAL TOURISM
Summary In the article Adjara As An Important Destination For Recreational Tourism is discussed the recreational opportunities for tourism development in Georgia, mainly in Adjara Autonomous Republic. Both tourist and recreational resources and values are underlined that enables Adjara Autonomous Republic to be considered as one of the largest recreational regions in the country.. The article focuses on the analysis of the necessary motivating factors that will be an incentive in Adjara, especially in the long run, for the development of recreational tourism in various forms, after the pandemic. Activating the demand for curing, sports-recreational and cultural-cognitive tourism destinations from the recreationists is an important future task to overcome the pandemic. Adapting to pandemic regulations and tackling other socio-economic or demographic problems in the country requires a series of complex measures through joint
2021-06-30
∘ Marine Tsutskiridze ∘
THE PERSPECTIVES OF INNOVATIONS DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL BUSINESS IN GEORGIA
Summary The paper discusses the process of business innovative development and it’s operating system the functioning processes which mainly depends on the competitiveness and market demand which is replecte on production, the purpose of their assessment is to determine the influence of production factors on business in come this is analyzed key aspects of new methods of disseminating innovation in production and organization technology transfer and it’s perspective necessary in business innovation development process in Georgia , deals with issues of the use of basic high technologies in business, which is the specificity of the innovative technologies economy
2021-06-30
THE PERSPECTIVES OF INNOVATIONS DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL BUSINESS IN GEORGIA
Summary The paper discusses the process of business innovative development and it’s operating system the functioning processes which mainly depends on the competitiveness and market demand which is replecte on production, the purpose of their assessment is to determine the influence of production factors on business in come this is analyzed key aspects of new methods of disseminating innovation in production and organization technology transfer and it’s perspective necessary in business innovation development process in Georgia , deals with issues of the use of basic high technologies in business, which is the specificity of the innovative technologies economy
2021-06-30
∘ Zurab Tsereteli ∘
PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF INNOVATIVE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA
Summary In the scientific paper is discussed about the role of innovation in development of innovative business and solving its problems. The concepts of innovation, total innovation, innovative business, their relationship, there are presented main problems and perspectives of innovative business, both, worldwide and in Georgia. It also presents the ratings according to Georgia's innovation potential and innovation achievements. The paper also reflects an attempt to find ways to solve these problems. Keywords: Innovation, Total Innovation, Innovative Business, Innovative Business
2021-06-30
PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF INNOVATIVE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA
Summary In the scientific paper is discussed about the role of innovation in development of innovative business and solving its problems. The concepts of innovation, total innovation, innovative business, their relationship, there are presented main problems and perspectives of innovative business, both, worldwide and in Georgia. It also presents the ratings according to Georgia's innovation potential and innovation achievements. The paper also reflects an attempt to find ways to solve these problems. Keywords: Innovation, Total Innovation, Innovative Business, Innovative Business
2021-06-30
∘ Nino Chamiashvili ∘
ACTUARIAL CALCULATIONS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
Summary Insurance is one of the financial tools of risk management, through which it is possible to avoid the financial loss caused by the risk (transfer to the insurance company). This paper will discuss the current situation in the insurance market during the pandemic, as well as provide examples that clearly show the damage caused by the spread of COVID-19 to various insurance companies around the world. In order to properly assess the risk and reduce it, it is necessary to have relevant historical data. In the current pandemic situation, the lack of historical data has hindered the modeling and prediction of future risk events. However, this paper will outline the principles by which insurance companies will be able to overcome this crisis relatively
2021-06-30
ACTUARIAL CALCULATIONS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
Summary Insurance is one of the financial tools of risk management, through which it is possible to avoid the financial loss caused by the risk (transfer to the insurance company). This paper will discuss the current situation in the insurance market during the pandemic, as well as provide examples that clearly show the damage caused by the spread of COVID-19 to various insurance companies around the world. In order to properly assess the risk and reduce it, it is necessary to have relevant historical data. In the current pandemic situation, the lack of historical data has hindered the modeling and prediction of future risk events. However, this paper will outline the principles by which insurance companies will be able to overcome this crisis relatively
2021-06-30
∘ Ketevan Chanidze ∘ Guladi Tkhilaishvili ∘
PROSPECTS OF USE OF THE RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES IN GEORGIA
Summary The use of renewable energy resources has great importance in the modern world. Population growth and technological development are leading to growth in demand for energy resources. Renewable energy can be continuously used and replenished from natural regenerative or natural environmental processes: wind, sun, and biofuels. It is often confronted with non-renewable sources, such as coal and fossil fuels, which take longer to produce. Renewable energy uses energy flows, which are filled with the same tempo, that was used. About 13% of primary energy derives from renewable energy sources, most come from traditional biomass such as wood burning. Hydropower is also one of the largest sources, providing 2-3%, while modern technologies such as geothermal, wind, solar and marine energy all together generate less than 1% of total world energy demand, but the fact is that it is growing rapidly. Renewable energy sources derive in many forms, out of all the most popular is Solar
2021-06-30
PROSPECTS OF USE OF THE RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES IN GEORGIA
Summary The use of renewable energy resources has great importance in the modern world. Population growth and technological development are leading to growth in demand for energy resources. Renewable energy can be continuously used and replenished from natural regenerative or natural environmental processes: wind, sun, and biofuels. It is often confronted with non-renewable sources, such as coal and fossil fuels, which take longer to produce. Renewable energy uses energy flows, which are filled with the same tempo, that was used. About 13% of primary energy derives from renewable energy sources, most come from traditional biomass such as wood burning. Hydropower is also one of the largest sources, providing 2-3%, while modern technologies such as geothermal, wind, solar and marine energy all together generate less than 1% of total world energy demand, but the fact is that it is growing rapidly. Renewable energy sources derive in many forms, out of all the most popular is Solar
2021-06-30
∘ Giorgi Kharshiladze ∘
The impact of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) on the Georgian economy and its expected results
Summary The new coronavirus (COVID-19) has become one of the most serious challenges in the modern world. It has already had a serious impact on the socio-economic situation of the population. Millions of lost jobs, increased poverty, certain types of barriers to accessing medical services, closed schools, stalled economy, and so on. Is an incomplete list brought about by the pandemic, which places a heavy burden on any country, especially countries in transition economies, including Georgia. The impact of the pandemic on the world economy, of which the Georgian economy should be a part, depends on the rate of its spread. At the same time, it is important to know when the new vaccine will be created and the government's desire to restore the pandemic-affected economy quickly and effectively. This article analyzes the individual sectors of the Georgian economy affected by the pandemic, outlines the ways to solve them and develops certain types of
2021-06-30
The impact of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) on the Georgian economy and its expected results
Summary The new coronavirus (COVID-19) has become one of the most serious challenges in the modern world. It has already had a serious impact on the socio-economic situation of the population. Millions of lost jobs, increased poverty, certain types of barriers to accessing medical services, closed schools, stalled economy, and so on. Is an incomplete list brought about by the pandemic, which places a heavy burden on any country, especially countries in transition economies, including Georgia. The impact of the pandemic on the world economy, of which the Georgian economy should be a part, depends on the rate of its spread. At the same time, it is important to know when the new vaccine will be created and the government's desire to restore the pandemic-affected economy quickly and effectively. This article analyzes the individual sectors of the Georgian economy affected by the pandemic, outlines the ways to solve them and develops certain types of
2021-06-30
∘ Vasil Khizanishvili ∘
THE PERIOD OF POST-WAR ITALIAN RECONSTRUCTION (1945-55) IN THE PRISM OF FOREIGN POLICY
Summary The period preceding the Italian Economic Miracle is a phase of reconstruction, marked both by civil and industrial work done to reconstruct artefacts lost during the war, and, on the one hand, with a financial support of the so-called ,,Marshall Plan“ from the United States, and on the other hand, through the activities of the "Institute for Industrial Reconstruction" (Italian: IRI), for the purpose of promotion industrial policy in Italy. The rejection of the monarchy, the abolition of protectionist policy through previous forms of fascist control and autarchic attempts, and the distancing from the Eastern Bloc were the positive factors that greatly determined a vector of Italy's further social-economic and political development, with what has been laid a solid foundation for the future of the
2021-06-30
THE PERIOD OF POST-WAR ITALIAN RECONSTRUCTION (1945-55) IN THE PRISM OF FOREIGN POLICY
Summary The period preceding the Italian Economic Miracle is a phase of reconstruction, marked both by civil and industrial work done to reconstruct artefacts lost during the war, and, on the one hand, with a financial support of the so-called ,,Marshall Plan“ from the United States, and on the other hand, through the activities of the "Institute for Industrial Reconstruction" (Italian: IRI), for the purpose of promotion industrial policy in Italy. The rejection of the monarchy, the abolition of protectionist policy through previous forms of fascist control and autarchic attempts, and the distancing from the Eastern Bloc were the positive factors that greatly determined a vector of Italy's further social-economic and political development, with what has been laid a solid foundation for the future of the
2021-06-30
∘ Lali Khikhadze ∘
OPPORTUNITIES FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES AND SMART CONTRACTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Summary With the development of blockchain technologies and digital communication systems, there is a growing interest in smart contracts as the most effective tool in this technology. It is through a smart contract that a business can receive the benefits that result from the development of Internet technologies. The modern stage of international business practically completely depends on the information space. Along with the development of blockchein technologies and digital communications systems, especially increasing the interest to smart contract, as the most effective instrument of this technology. Through smart contract, businesses can get the benefits as a result of the development of digital technologies. The research aims is to analyze the benefits of its use in the development of modern world global business. The successful implementation of the Smart Contract is possible in the field of international trade and intellectual property.
2021-06-30
OPPORTUNITIES FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES AND SMART CONTRACTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Summary With the development of blockchain technologies and digital communication systems, there is a growing interest in smart contracts as the most effective tool in this technology. It is through a smart contract that a business can receive the benefits that result from the development of Internet technologies. The modern stage of international business practically completely depends on the information space. Along with the development of blockchein technologies and digital communications systems, especially increasing the interest to smart contract, as the most effective instrument of this technology. Through smart contract, businesses can get the benefits as a result of the development of digital technologies. The research aims is to analyze the benefits of its use in the development of modern world global business. The successful implementation of the Smart Contract is possible in the field of international trade and intellectual property.
2021-06-30
∘ Lali Khikhadze ∘
ETHICAL AND MORAL PRINCIPLES ARE THE DEFINING FACTOR IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
Summary At the present stage, barriers and contradictions in international business are decreasing, but the scale of business communication is increasing, accompanied by the difficulties of ethical and moral behavior in the face of cultural differences, with ethics problems being particularly acute in the face of fierce competition and rapid society transformation. Ethics in international business is a system of knowledge, a set of universal ethical norms and moral principles, on the basis of which business entities should be guided in business relations. Adherence to moral and ethical norms helps international companies succeed in the international market and business circles, which enhances the competitiveness and viability of business entities during long-term business cooperation. Ethical and moral principles in international business regulate the behaviors of the entities involved in the business communication process, reduce disagreements and conflicts between them and
2021-06-30
ETHICAL AND MORAL PRINCIPLES ARE THE DEFINING FACTOR IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
Summary At the present stage, barriers and contradictions in international business are decreasing, but the scale of business communication is increasing, accompanied by the difficulties of ethical and moral behavior in the face of cultural differences, with ethics problems being particularly acute in the face of fierce competition and rapid society transformation. Ethics in international business is a system of knowledge, a set of universal ethical norms and moral principles, on the basis of which business entities should be guided in business relations. Adherence to moral and ethical norms helps international companies succeed in the international market and business circles, which enhances the competitiveness and viability of business entities during long-term business cooperation. Ethical and moral principles in international business regulate the behaviors of the entities involved in the business communication process, reduce disagreements and conflicts between them and
2021-06-30
∘ Merab Julakidze ∘
THE ECONOMICS OF INFORMATION
Summary The article discusses the main topics concerning the information asymmetry in contact with economics. Information asymmetry deals with the study of decision in transactions where one party has more or better information than the other. This asymmetry creates an imbalance of power in transactions, which can sometimes cause the transactions to go away, a kind of market failure in the worst case. Examples of this problem are adverse selection, moral hazard, monopolies of knowledge, and finally, these can lead inefficiencies. Carefully designed contracts may reduce such problems by providing incentives to reveal one’s information and take appropriate
2021-06-30
THE ECONOMICS OF INFORMATION
Summary The article discusses the main topics concerning the information asymmetry in contact with economics. Information asymmetry deals with the study of decision in transactions where one party has more or better information than the other. This asymmetry creates an imbalance of power in transactions, which can sometimes cause the transactions to go away, a kind of market failure in the worst case. Examples of this problem are adverse selection, moral hazard, monopolies of knowledge, and finally, these can lead inefficiencies. Carefully designed contracts may reduce such problems by providing incentives to reveal one’s information and take appropriate
2021-06-30